DataQuest Properties of Solutions: Electrolytes and Non-Electrolytes 22 In this experiment, you will discover some properties of strong electrolytes, weak electrolytes, and non-electrolytes by observing the behavior of these substances in aqueous solutions. You will determine these properties using a Conductivity Probe. When the probe is placed in a solution that contains ions, and thus has the ability to conduct electricity, an electrical circuit is completed across the electrodes that are located on either side of the hole near the bottom of the probe body (see Figure 1). This results in a conductivity value that can be read by a datacollection interface. The unit of conductivity used in this experiment is the microsiemens per centimeter, or µS/cm.
The carbon rod is surrounded by a layer of manganese dioxide (MnO2), and a thick paste of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2), which serves as an electrolyte. The oxidation reaction that takes place on the zinc casing is: Zn(s)→Zn+2+2e- While the reduction reaction that takes place on the carbon rod is: 2MnO2+2H+(aq)+2e-→Mn2O3(s)+H2O(l) The overall reaction is: Zn(s)+2MnO2+2NH4+(s)→Mn2O3(s)+Zn(NH3)22+(aq)+H2O(l) The standard dry cell contains 1.5V. The reactions present in dry cells continue until they run out of a reactant (the anode or cathode). However, there are cells that can be recharged, as the redox reaction can be reversed in order to regenerate the original reactants. Some examples of these batteries include lithium batteries and car batteries.
Rajeev Pathapati Limiting Reactant Lab Chemistry 6th Due: 2/9/12 Introduction: When a chemical reaction occurs, there is usually a limiting reactant. In a chemical reaction, the limiting reactant, also known as the limiting reagent, is the reactant that is totally consumed at the end of a chemical reaction, and is the reactant that limits the amount of product formed. This also results in excess of the other reactant(s). The reaction tested in this experiment was between a Copper (II) Chloride aqueous solution, and Aluminum metal. The purpose of the lab was to determine which reactant was the limiting reactant, and to see how much of the other reactant was used.
Lesson written by Carolina Sylvestri Experiment: Reaction Between Ions in Aqueous Solutions The Monster Mash Background: Ionic solids dissolve in water to form aqueous solutions which conduct electricity. These solutions contain both positive and negative ions in such numbers that their net electric charge is zero. In this experiment, you will mix various ionic solutions, two at a time, to determine which combinations form precipitates. Knowing which ions are present makes it possible to deduce which of the possible ion combinations are responsible for the precipitates. From your data table, it will then be possible to generate a solubility table.
However, the desired product is (-)-Isopinocampheol, in which the -OH group need to attach to the less substituted carbon instead. In order to form (-)-Isopinocampheol, we need to do hydroboration-oxidation reaction, in which (+)-α-Pinene will react with borane-tetrahydrofuran complex as hydroborating reagent to form an intermediate that have -OH group in anti-Markovnikov position. First of all, the carbon-carbon double bond in (+)-α-PInene will connect with H-BH group. Based on anti-Markovnikov rule, the H ion which has partial positive charge will connect to the most substituted carbon while -B which has partial negative charge will connect to the less substituted carbon. Since (+)-α-Pinene's double bond is trisubstituted and sterically hindered, only two compounds will reaction with borane to form dialkylborane as intermediate.
Ghostbuster Slime Lab 10/4/2012 Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to observe the physical properties and changes of the creation of a polymer as a result from cross-linking. A borax solution was made and was combined with a polyvinyl alcohol solution. A polymer’s cross-links give them many properties, like bonding ability, elasticity, and viscosity. The amount of water added in the experiment directly affected the viscosity and elasticity of the slime polymer. Too much water added resulted in a high viscosity and low elasticity.
Abdul Gadoush Period 2 Chemistry Honors 1-16-14 Metal Gizmo 1. Purpose/Problem: The whole purpose to this experiment was to identify which metal of the following: Copper, Magnesium or zinc had the most occurring reactions in the constant chemicals that they were inserted in. The metal that had the least amount of reactions in each chemical would be the least reactant, and the metal that had the most occurring reactions in the chemical would be the most reactant. For this process to occur (make metal gizmos), Naugatuck Metal Works needs one highly reactive metal and another that isn't a reactive metal. - signs of chemical change = changes the shape and color, creates a gas, distributes heat, Etc.
Bonding Formal Lab Introduction (with Background information): Any substance, whether it is a metal or nonmetal, people can determine it by seeing if it is shiny, soft, or reactive. Metals are shiny, reactive, and have high melting points, while nonmetals are soft, have low melting points and not very reactive, and that is how anyone can determine whether a substance is a metal or a nonmetal. Covalent bonding is when two atoms share electrons, but it only occurs in two nonmetals only. They have low melting points and they are not soluble. Although, Ionic bonding is when an atom gives away elections to another atom, which only happens in a metal and a nonmetal, and they have high melting points and are soluble.
Explain how metallic bonding gives metals their unique properties. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 9. Describe how covalent and ionic bonds differ with regard to melting point, boiling point, and bond strength. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 10. Explain the difference between polar covalent and nonpolar covalent bonds.
Jose Flores 6th period 1-27-14 LAB REPORT Introduction: A substance can conduct an electrical current if it is made of positively charged and negatively charged particles that are free to move about and is called a conductor. The purpose is to figure out conductivity of substances and to check which one conducts electricity. The hypothesis is that sucrose would be the only one that could not conduct out of the other six solutions. Materials: The materials used in this lab where six solutions , napkins, 2 pairs of gloves, 2 cups (1 cup with distilled water and 1 cup with solid NaCI) and a conductivity meter. The six solutions are sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, ammonia and sucrose.