In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. [1] Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls. [2] Aromatic hydrocarbons (arenes), alkanes,alkenes, cycloalkanes and alkyne-based compounds are different types of hydrocarbons. The majority of hydrocarbons found naturally occur in crude oil, where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance of carbon and hydrogen which, when bonded, can catenate to form seemingly limitless chains The classifications for hydrocarbons defined by IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry are as follows: 1. Saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) are the simplest of the hydrocarbon species and are composed entirely of single bonds and are saturated with hydrogen.
INTRODUCTION In the beginning man lived simply and harmoniously with earth. However, as time progressed mankind's thirst for knowledge and more economical ways of doing things led to technological advances. These advances, in turn, led to the industrial revolution, the invention of the automobile, and growth of the automobile industry. Though making life on earth more comfortable, these industries and inventions emitted harmful gases into the earth's atmosphere. Damage to the earth's ozone layer began to occur as the levels of these gases in the atmosphere increased.
Within today’s society, there is a growing understanding of the problems related to fuel products. Climate change has been caused largely by CO2 emissions, the biggest man-made source of which is transportation. Due to peek oil being established and fossil fuels becoming slowly abundant along with its rising costs, stock products such as sunflowers and corn have come to the for-front in the advances in biofuel production. Due to their ability to be produced as economically sufficient, such biofuel alternatives are readily obtainable, technically feasible in application and have adequate properties of enthalpy, viscosity, flashpoint and engine efficiency as an unsaturated
& Its Role in Ozone Layer Depletion 2014 CHLOROALKANES & Its Role in Ozone Layer Depletion 2014 CHLOROALKANES 1. The chloroalkanes, also known as alkyl halides, are a group of chemical compounds comprised of an alkane with one or more hydrogens replaced by a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine). Name: SHANNOR DAVIS School: EXCELSIOR COMMUNITY COLLEGE Subject: Chemistry Unit II Date: October 6, 2014 2. The chloroalkanes, also known as alkyl halides, are a group of chemical compounds comprised of an alkane with one or more hydrogens replaced by a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine). Name: SHANNOR DAVIS School: EXCELSIOR COMMUNITY COLLEGE Subject: Chemistry Unit II Date: October 6, 2014 Introduction The chloroalkanes, also known as alkyl halides, are a group of chemical compounds comprised of an alkane with one or more hydrogens replaced by a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine).
[pic] 10) The IR spectrum of m-xylene contains stretches which are characteristic of most aromatic hydrocarbons. List the peaks (in cm-1) associated with the aromatic C=C stretch and the aromatic C–H stretch. C-H just above 3000 cm-1, C=C ~ 1600 cm-1 11) How many distinct trichlorobenzene isomers are possible? 3 draw them! 12) When cyclohexene is treated with KMnO4, H2O, the syn-1,2-diol is produced.
Styrene is most commonly produced by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. Styrene is regarded as a “hazardous chemical”, especially in case of eye contact, but also in case of skin contact, of ingestion and of inhalation, according to several sources. Styrene is largely metabolized into styrene oxide in humans, resulting from oxidation by cytochrome. Styrene oxide is considered toxic, mutagenic, and possibly carcinogenic. Styrene oxide is subsequently hydrolyzed into styrene glycol by the enzyme epoxide hydrolase.
However this production also leads to economic growth that in turn leads to more available income for everybody. Every government in the world has adopted some sort of balance between environmental protection and economic activity. Free trade versus the environment has become a hot issue lately, especially in the face of our ever-globalizing world. Free trade will certainly lead to increased world income, but the environmental consequences may also be dire – so dire as to outweigh the gains from income. This essay will survey the impacts of free trade on the environment, the environmentalist argument, the pros of free trade, and review some recent empirical research measuring the impacts of free trade on the environment.
Sustainable business spending would also increase rapidly because it is seen as a catalyst for more productive improvements which is a win for human beings, the company and our earth when reducing resources and lowering cost while still being sustainable. A company’s reputation is also a big factor as to why companies wanted to reduce environmental footprint as more investors are becoming increasingly interested in the environmental performance of a company where they put their money into. Also, because of customer awareness, large manufacturers and retailers are also using their buying power to push suppliers into more environmentally friendly practices. Green is the new ideal trend and it should be sticking around. Now it is much better to be knowledgable about your health as well as making overall healthier choices and it helps to know some of the companies we tend to rely on are also doing their part to become greener and meet the peoples needs.
So, when we talk about air conditioner, we should not only consider the good effect that the air conditioner will do to us, but we need also to consider the harmful effect of the air conditioner will do to us. We should calculate the good and bad about it. We should consider also the insidious effect of central air- how it enables the development of parts of the country previously uninhabitable and which would still be but for the constant cooling, and how it is destroying the street culture of the areas
The greenhouse effect occurs naturally and is caused by the cycle of gasses that rise from the earth's surface and fall from the earth's atmosphere (the carbon cycle is one example). Some of these gases include: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), CFC's, and tropospheric ozone (O3), all of which are also referred to as greenhouse gasses. These gasses are referred to as greenhouse gasses because they “trap the sun's infrared radiation somewhat like glass does in a greenhouse” (John Wiley & Sons , 2007). The greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere allow only 50% of the sun's infrared radiation to actually reach the earth's surface; but greenhouse gasses also trap in approximately 80% to 90% of the infrared radiation, keeping the surface temperature warm. The balancing of the sun's infrared radiation due to the greenhouse effect is what allows the earth's average surface temperature to be 15°C (59°F) rather than -18°C (0.4°F) (Cline, 1992).