et powerECO204: Homework Assignment 3 1. True, False, Uncertain a. A firm that enjoys economic rents earns higher economic profits than other firms without the economic rents. b. Relative to the perfectly competitive equilibrium, the equilibrium outcome for a market dominated by a monopsonist will be higher prices and lower levels of good demanded.
Economics Commentary Cover Sheet Name: Ban Madi Class: Economics HL DP11 Teacher: Hinad Al-Hoot Cancer News Tobacco firms responsible for half of UK cigarette price rises Tuesday 13 August 2013 Tobacco companies have driven around half of the price hike in UK cigarettes, according to experts at the University of Bath. Researchers at the UK Centre for Tobacco Control Studies say their findings - published in the journal Tobacco Control - contradict industry claims that tax rises are solely behind increased tobacco costs. Cancer Research UK says the research shows that the tobacco industry has been "complicit" in price rises. It also said the figures explode the myth that cigarette smuggling is fuelled by high taxes. The researchers
A firm’s value depends on the positive net income generated in the past. True False A firm’s value depends on the firm’s ability to generate positive cash flows now and in the future True False When determining the value of a firm, which of the following statements is true? • Inversters are risk neutral. Other things equal they prefer to pay more stocks that are less risky and have uncertain cash flows • Investers love risk. Other things equal they prefer to pay more for stocks that are more risky and have uncertain cash flows.
Discount rate = 11%. The Net Present Value (NPV) of an investment proposal is equal to the present value of its annual free cash flows less the investment’s initial outlay (Keown, A. J., Martin, J. D., & Petty, J. W. (2014). The rule here is that our company will accept projects with a net present value greater than zero, and decline the ones with a net present value that is less than zero. The greater the net present value, the more appropriate the investment is. Based on that, Corporation B is desirable to Corporation A as it has a greater net present value.
1: Tariffs encourage Americans to buy U.S.-made products. (Points: 13) I find this position to be valid. Tariffs are basically taxes on imports, thus making imported goods more expensive to buy (Nickels, McHugh & McHugh, 2008, p. 75). Protective tariffs are designed to raise the retail price of imported products so that domestic goods are more competitively priced (Nickels, McHugh & McHugh, 2008, p. 76). Therefore, if when a consumer enters a store and sees similarly priced products, one imported and one made domestically, they can choose a US made product without feeling as if they are overpaying for the same product.
If we do not buy imported goods then they will not buy ours and without export revenue and foreign investments we would not be able to function financially. When exports increase so does the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is the dollar amount of all goods and services produced within the United States. When the GDP is high it signifies that our economy is healthy and stable. When companies can produce more due to demand they are able to hire more workers, which can lower the unemployment rate.
What's Been the Secret of America's Economic Success? The secret of America’s economic success is boosting competition, lowering taxes and whipping inflation. This strategy for economical growth is about keeping taxes low, competition fierce and monetary policy tight. Competition keeps prices low and innovation coming all the time. Deregulation of many American industries in the 70’s like banking, airlines, and electricity has added to the economic growth.
------------------------------------------------- JAN 10 Section B Question 4 (b) Evaluate the argument that managers controlling large companies might follow policies which do not necessarily maximise the profits of the owners. 25 marks Kn Economic theory standardly assumes maximising behaviour on the part of economic agents. Consumers are assumed to maximise utility from consumption subject to their limited income, for example, while workers maximise income subject to the constraint of wanting leisure time. It is assumed that firms pursue profit maximisation, although a number of other maximising behaviours are possible in reality such as revenue maximisation or maximising the volume of sales, and these are sometimes thought likely to be pursued by the managers of large firms. It is also possible that managers do not adopt maximising behaviour at all, perhaps “satisficing” in response to shareholder discipline or that the policy of the firm is the result of complex interactions between various stakeholders.
When a consumer is purchasing a product they want to make sure they obtain maximum value for the money they spend and obtain a product that they perceive is greater than any other product in the market. Consumers look for something that sets a product apart from the rest wether that is providing a product at a lower price or by providing a higher quality product, ultimately a consumer will purchase the product with the greater perceived competitive advantage. Bunning’s warehouse is a company that gains its competitive advantage over the competition by offering the consumers products at lower prices than their competitors. Bunnings makes the promise of low prices through their slogan “Lowest prices are just the beginning.” The company does not just make an empty promise on providing the lowest prices but is able to back it up by saying “If you happen to find a cheaper price on a stocked item we will beat it by 10%.” (Bunnings Warehouse, Year Unknown) By creating and delivering the promise of lowest prices, Bunnings is able to position itself in the customers mind as providing superior value and as such has been able to gain majority share hold of the market through differentiating themselves from the competing companies through a competitive advantage. (Armstrong, Adam, Denize and Kotler, 2012) It is made clear through the example of
Governments may choose to increase minimum wage on an arbitrary basis, making it difficult for companies to hire individuals at a consistent market rate. Government price controls distort the economic theory of supply and demand. Supply and demand is a significant underlying feature of free-market economies. This theory allows individuals and businesses to make decisions based on self-interest. Businesses often pay individuals a wage based on current market standards.