The Similarities and Differences of Ethical Theories Mike Dyer ETH/316 November 18, 2013 Michelle Clark-Washington The Similarities and Differences of Ethical Theories There are many types of theories that coincide with virtues, values, and moral concepts to help one decide on what is right and wrong. I will be discussing the similarities and differences between three types of theories and how each theory addresses ethics and morality. These theories are virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontological ethics. Similarities Society, and we as individuals, want to achieve a common goal with ethics and morality. That goal is to do what is morally right, if it be through pleasure to avoid pain.
Next on the basis of James Rachel’s argument against ethical egoism will try to answer the question posed. This essay will also discuss the common sense view is the most appropriate way to act in most of the cases. Ethical Egoism is a normative theory, a theory which states how one should behave. It states that promotion of one’s own good is in accordance with morality. In other way we can state that it is always moral to promote self-interest and it is not moral not to promote it.
ETHICAL LENS INVENTORY Ethical lens Inventory is used as a way to identify what values are more important to us as an individual.The inventory allows us to see ethical issues clearly whenever we have ethical dilemma without clear option/choice and it also helps to learn how to resolve them better.People have different priorities and different values helps to respect each others point of views. There are four primary ethical perspectives. Two of them are to help us to determine using Rationality(critical thinking ) are: 1)Rights&Responsibility Lens:you use your rationality to how to live with universal rules. 2)Relationship Lens:Its about equality of community so that everybody gets treated fairly. The other two of the ethical lenses are using your Sensibility (Intuition) which means using your intuition and emotions for our behavior to be ethical are : 1)Results Lens:using your sensibility to decide your decisions which will make you happy and adds more happiness to your life.
The purpose of this assignment is to strengthen your virtues, become a better person, and/or see how Franklin’s method works and if it is effective. To begin this process, you first have to think what you want to change about yourself in a positive way, what you are missing, or what you want to improve; you can either think of them yourself or take into consideration someone else’s opinion for your own good. After you pick your virtues, you then describe what
In fact, should a client not pay for his service, he will send their account to a collection agency. It is a challenge to determine the appropriate course to take with this difficult ethical dilemma. Kitchener (1984) identified moral principles that a counselor is asked to confront. The five principles, autonomy, justice, benefiance, nonmaleficence, and fidelity are the principles which will give a guidelines and help clarify the issue given in the case of Mark. Autonomy addresses the individuals’ right to freedom of choice and the responsibility of the counselor to encourage clients to make their own decisions and act on their values.
Utilitarianism is a teleological approach concentrating on the likely consequences of acts or decisions in order to decide if they are morally right. Utilitarians broadly seek the greatest good for the greatest number when exercising their moral choices. If their intention is to achieve that goal therefore then the outcome of their choice should be as they expect or their goal may be missed. Benthamist utilitarianism in essence argues for a criterion of a pleasure-pain continuum by which the consequences of actions may be assessed: consequences, it holds, can either give rise to pleasure (happiness) or pain (misery). Benthamism is perhaps most famously associated with the idea of ‘the greatest happiness for the greatest number’, and applying this notion to the ethical problems we have discussed might suggest that the decision to release information could be supported if a consideration of the social benefits suggested they outweighed any personal disbenefits that might occur.
The weakness of Virtue Ethics outweighs its strengths – Discuss. Virtue ethics is the ethics of us as persons and argues that morality is not about duties. There are a number of arguments for and against virtue ethics, and most for, argue for the formation and growth of us via phronesis or practical wisdom, which allows us to make the right decisions by using our conscience. Virtue ethics is mainly supported by Aristotle. It is based on different virtues that a person should have, so that they can then reach Euadamonia.
Ethics of Plagiarism Across Cultures 1 Ethics as a philosophical subject which proposes the study of moral actions, proposes that human beings are endowed with consciousness and it is this awareness along with their values and past experiences (in the form of learning), which give the possibility of knowing oneself and the world around them, and can safely judge their actions by distinctions between good and evil. When ensuring that by its rational nature, human beings act ethically or not, align with what the society dictates, it is worthwhile to also introduce the variable "motivation" in this equation. In this way, the human being aware of his actions, will incur in actions with full knowledge of whether that doing evil or good, depending on intrinsic or extrinsic motivations. According to Bagley and Savage (2010), there are two main schools that explain these events, the Teleological and Deontological schools. Teleological school is based on the consequences, i.e.
This indicates that utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism as what is viewed to a morally correct action is based upon the actions outcome. Therefore, utilitarianism commands that when one is faced with a choice of morality, one should consider the moral rightness of an act by means of the consequences that should occur due to the performance of this act and also the happiness which arise due to the execution of the act. The theory of utilitarianism thus places paramount importance on happiness. Utilitarianism subsequently branches off into two forms: Act consequentialism, which claims that “an act is morally right if and only it maximizes the good” and hedonism “that pleasure is the only intrinsic good and that pain is the only intrinsic bad.” In this essay I shall outline and explain the theories of act and rule utilitarianism. I will also discuss and examine these theories in light of the case study about the programme
It focus less in any particular instance and instead ruminate what a decision to tell a lie or not tell a lie said about one's character and moral behavior. As such, lying would be made in a case-by-case basis that would be based on factors such as personal benefit, group benefit, and intentions. Virtue-based ethical theory is not actually in conflict with deontology or teleology: those two viewpoints deal with which actions a person should take in any given scenario, whereas virtue theorists simply argue that developing morally desirable virtues for their own sake will help aid moral actions when such decisions need to be made. Aristotle categorized the virtues as moral and intellectual. Aristotle identified some intellectual virtues, the most important of which was wisdom; Sophia (theoretical wisdom) and phronesis (practical wisdom).