This essay will examine the causes of depression and schizophrenia and analyse its findings. There are three different biological explanations for depression and schizophrenia; genetic inheritance, biochemical imbalance and neuron-anatomical abnormalities. Research indicates that genes may influence behaviour by inheriting imbalances of bio chemicals in the brain. This could transfer naturally occurring chemicals into toxic ones. These toxic chemicals are suggested to be responsible for the characteristics of depression and schizophrenia (Gross, Mcliveen 1996).The bio chemicals that are often out of balance are serotonin, nor-epinephrine and dopamine.
* Personality disorders: defined by experiences and behaviours that can differ from the social norm. Individuals diagnosed with a personality disorder may experience difficulties in cognition, emotiveness, interpersonal functioning or control of impulses * Anxiety disorder: excessive feelings of anxiety and fear, where anxiety is worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events. * Psychotic disorders: refers to an abnormal condition of the mind, and is the term for a mental state often described as involving a "loss of contact with reality". People suffering from psychosis are described as psychotic. * Substance-related disorders: when an individual consumes a substance (drugs, alcohol) in amounts which are harmful to themselves or others.
Co-Occurring Disorders Co-occurring disorders formerly known as dual-diagnosis or dual disorder describes the existence of two or more disorders at the same time (Psychology Today, 2012). Clients that are suffering from this disorder have conditions that consist of one or more forms of substance abuse along with mental illness or illnesses (Doweiko (2012). There is no single combination of this disorder; there is a great variability among them and more than half of all adults with severe mental illness are further impaired by substance use disorders (PT, 2012). A person’s personality is the blueprint to what is expressed in that person’s life. Personality is said to consist of patterns of thoughts, feeling and behaviors that make the person
Psychiatric Disorders, Disease, and Drugs Psychiatric Disorders, Disease, and Drugs Psychiatric or psychological disorders are disorders of sufficiently severe psychological function as to require treatment by a psychologist or psychiatrist (Pinel, 2009). Examples of psychiatric disorders include schizophrenia, emotional disorders such as depression or mania, anxiety disorders, and Tourette syndrome. Each of these disorders has developmental theories and drug treatments. Schizophrenia is a complex disorder defined as the splitting of psychic functions or the breakdown of integration between emotion, thought, and action. The complexity of schizophrenia symptoms often overlap with other disorders and often change during disorder advancement.
Outline and Evaluate issues surrounding the classification and diagnosis of Schizophrenia The DSM-IV and the ICD-10 are based on a series of categories. They assume that all mental disorders are distinct from each other, and if you fulfill the relevant criteria you have the disorder. However, some patients show comorbidity, which is where an individual suffers from two or more mental disorders at the same time. This creates problems of reliability and validity in the classification and diagnosis of Schizophrenia. For a classification system to be useful it needs to be reliable.
1.1. Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system: mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, substance related disorders, eating disorders, cognitive disorders. Mood disorders: Is the term designating a group of diagnoses in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV TR) classification system where a disturbance in person's mood is hypothesised to be main underlying feature. Personality mood: are conditions in which an individual differs significantly from an average person in terms of how they think, perceive, feel or relate to others. Anxiety disorders: Is a feeling of unease, such a worry or fear, that can be mild or severe.
Compare/ Contrast Treatment Approaches (Author’s name) (Institutional Affiliation) Introduction Chemical dependency and dual diagnosis are psychological effects that affect people who indulge in the usage of substances. Both these psychological illnesses have adverse effects to the human health, as well as behavior. Chemical dependency is also referred to as an addiction to drugs. Other terms of chemical dependency include alcoholism, substance dependence, drug addiction, substance abuse and drug habit. It is defined as a psychological and physical need, which contributes to the utilization of alcohol and other illegal drugs (Doweiko, 2012).
When people hear the term schizophrenia, “insane” and “delirious” may come to mind. With psychotherapy and
Examples of atypical or novel antipsychotic medications include risperidone (Risperdal), quetiapine (Seroquel) (Patient P.O. is on both of these medications), and olanzapine (Zyprexa). If the patient's psychotic symptoms are acute and accompanied by agitation, a number of different antipsychotics can be used to terminate the flare-up of acute agitated psychosis. Agitation is a state of frantic activity that is often accompanied by anger or marked fearfulness; when in an agitated state, the client is more likely to cause harm to self or others. In agitated psychotic states, the antipsychotic agent haloperidol (Haldol) is often given as an injection, accompanied by other medications that decrease anxiety and slow behavior (often lorazepam , also known as Ativan).
Unfortunately, “schizophrenia is an umbrella term for a number of psychotic disorders that involve disturbances in nearly every dimension of human psychology, including thought, perception, behavior, language, communication, and emotion” ” (R. Kolwalski, D. Westen, 2011). Schizophrenia is a mental illness that can be controlled with medication but its effects can be devastating if not treated