Know the impact of mental ill health on individuals and others in their social network. Unit CMH 302 Understand Mental Health Problems Outcome 1 Know the main forms of mental ill health Assessment Criteria The learner can: 1. Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system: mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, substance-related disorders, eating disorders, cognitive disorders. 2. Explain the key strengths and limitations of the psychiatric classification system.
1.1. Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system: mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, substance related disorders, eating disorders, cognitive disorders. Mood disorders: Is the term designating a group of diagnoses in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV TR) classification system where a disturbance in person's mood is hypothesised to be main underlying feature. Personality mood: are conditions in which an individual differs significantly from an average person in terms of how they think, perceive, feel or relate to others. Anxiety disorders: Is a feeling of unease, such a worry or fear, that can be mild or severe.
Personality disorders are a class of mental disorders characterised by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture. These patterns develop early, are inflexible and are associated with significant distress or disability. [1] The definitions may vary some according to other sources. [2][3] Official criteria for diagnosing personality disorders are listed in the diagnostic manual of
They can be paranoid delusions and the person will exhibit paranoid behaviour because of this. This type of symptom would fit with the most common type of schizophrenia which is predominant in 35-40% of those with schizophrenia. Also, the person can believe that they are under the control of a force that has invaded their mind. This can be in the form of an alien or spirit etc. Additionally a schizophrenic person may have hallucinations that can include hearing voices or feeling things such as bugs crawling on them but these are unreal perceptions.
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions, experience of control, hallucinations and disordered thinking. Delusions are bizarre beliefs that seem real to the person with schizophrenia but in fact, are not actually real. Sometimes these delusions can be paranoid in nature. Delusions may also involve inflated beliefs about the person’s power and importance. Experience of control is where a person with schizophrenia may believe that they are under the control of an alien force that has invaded their mind or body.
Hence, personality disorders are defined by experiences and behaviors that differ from societal norms and expectations. Those diagnosed with a personality disorder may experience difficulties in cognition, emotiveness, interpersonal functioning, or control of impulses. In general, personality disorders are diagnosed in 40–60
The type of psychotherapy that's right for you depends on your individual situation. Psychotherapy is also known as talk therapy, counseling, psychosocial therapy or, simply, therapy. All of these methods, of course would not be immediate relief for the patient. These methods would take time in order to see results. Psychotherapy can be helpful in treating most mental health problems, including: Anxiety disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), phobias, panic disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Mood disorders, such as depression or bipolar disorder, Addictions, such as alcoholism, drug dependence or compulsive gambling, Eating disorders, such as anorexia or bulimia, Personality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder or dependent personality disorder, Schizophrenia or other disorders that cause detachment from reality (psychotic disorders).
Explain how issues of validity and/or reliability may affect the classification and/or diagnosis of schizophrenia [10] Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder. This means it’s a loss of contact with reality, consistent with serious mental illness which typically includes delusions, hallucinations and disordered thinking. The disorder was first identified by Kraeplin(1986) who used the term ‘Dementia Praecox’. Bleuler (1911) later coined the term schizophrenia, which means split (schizo) mind (phrenia). Classification involves identifying groups or patterns of behavioural symptoms that occur together to form a type of mental disorder (e.g.
The confusion of serious mental disorders with normal problems 4. The illusion of objectivity and universality. The DSM is a standard reference manual used by health professional to diagnose mental disorders. Published by the American Psychiatric Association, the DSM primary goal is to provide a clear diagnostic of mental disorders so clinicians and researchers can agree on which disorders they are talking about. As precious this book might be for mental health professional, it also have its limitations such as: 1.
Outline and evaluate the issues associated with the classification and/or diagnosis of schizophrenia (24 marks) Schizophrenia is a severe debilitating psychotic disorder that involves abnormal perceptions and thoughts. It has been described as a disintegration of the personality. The person loses insight and touch with reality thus failing to realise that they have a mental problem. It involves a range of psychotic symptoms where there is a break from reality. Crow (1980) distinguishes between two types of schizophrenia: Type 1 is characterised by positive symptoms were something is added to the sufferer’s personality such as auditory or visual hallucinations; Type 2 is characterised by negative symptoms where something is take away such as there is lack of emotion or limited use of speech.