In England, Charles’s imposition of such means the “placing of altars”, mentioned in Source B, and the prominence of catholics at court also mentioned in B, created underlying discontent. Furthermore, Charles imposition of the beauty of Holiness and the abolishment of the fed fees impropriations in 1633 made puritans extremely fearful of the apparent catholic tendencies of charles. These changes did not create truly vocalised opposition for several years. The case of John Williams and his challenge to the altar policy and the early use of Prynne are evidence, I believe of how vocalised opposition to the religious reforms was of vital importance to the collapse of the Personal rule. The general build in opposition, e.g.
Source K argues that the Diplomatic situation was a highlight of Henry’s failed attempt to gaining an annulment. In May 1527, Charles V and his troops invaded Rome, this caused Pope Clement VII being captured. With Clement being imprisoned and the Holy Roman Empire being invaded, it altered the diplomatic situation. This is because, the Pope had all the major influences on all catholic nations, and with him being imprisoned, and Charles being charge, it meant that he held the power over many European countries. This was a huge problem for Henry, as he needed the Pope to grant his annulment, but him being away, and Charles in charge, meant that it was impossible for him to gain anything.
• From 1678 to 1681 the idea of another Catholic plot called ‘The Popish Plot’ which was at the time entirely fictional , was to kill Charles II the protestant King in order to bring back King James II, a Catholic to the throne. Importance • In January 1606 the failed plotters were found guilty of high treason (trying to kill the king). They were hung, drawn and quartered. • Many Protestants in England were very pleased with the failure of the Catholic plot because it looked as though God had stopped it and so the Protestant religion was the correct religion. Durability • The current queen’s ‘Yeoman of the Guard’ still searches the cellars of the Houses of Parliament before each state opening… just in case!
This continued until Henry VIII, so desperate to produce a male heir, broke Papal control over England and named himself Head of the Church that taught an offshoot of Christianity based on the teachings of Martin Luther, the Protestant Church of England. This change did not make much difference, as the main different was the head of the Church and belief about divorce. Many more changes came after Henry died in 1547 and Edward VI became king. Edward, led by his advisors, moved England completely from Catholicism and to Protestantism. He passed laws such as making churches and bishops more plain, services be said in English and creating the Book of Common Prayer in 1549 and a refined version in 1552.
Hence the reason that a part to the petition was that ministers should not to wear gowns. Elizabeth quite liked that aspect to the church but when the puritans knew there was to be a new king, they knew there was a chance they could change the church to be adapted back to the protestant ways. James was known to be interested in church matters and they hoped he would give their petition a serious consideration. Hence the reason that a part to the petition was that ministers should not to wear gowns. This brings me on to a long term issue of the Puritans which lead them to the presenting of the petition.
John Carroll faced the challenge to depict what democratic ideas could he incorporate into the Catholic Church. He pondered on the fact that many settlers migrated to the New World fleeing the oppression of an established church in Europe “and resolve not to duplicate that situation in the New World”(2). Settlers of America suspected that the Pope would make it difficult to American Catholics to stay loyal to this country and “to enjoy their full democratic rights”(2). Bishop Carroll concluded that he needed to persuade Americans that that was not the case. He went through great pains to prove that Catholics were in fact subject to Rome and that the Pope would only influence them in spiritual matters.
By 1529 Henrys attitude towards Wolsey had changed; this led to his inevitable fall of power. The main reason for Henrys change of attitude was divorce that Wolsey could not grant for Henry. Other factors also contributed to the inability to meet the wishes of the king, thus changing his attitude towards Wolsey. One of the main reasons Henrys attitudes changed towards Wolsey was his inability to obtain the divorce that Henry desperately wanted. For henry this was a personal desire which meant when Wolsey failed to achieve it, it led Henry to question his capability and power.
Before 1603 Scotland and England were separate countries and this was the first time a kind of England had been king of Scotland as well, this didn’t make them one country but James was determined on a union. When James became King, there was a crisis of raised hopes and expectations by those groups who wanted a change to the Elizabethan Settlement, the Protestants (Puritans) and the Catholics. Catholics had hoped for relief from the increasingly harsh anti-Catholic penal laws that had been progressively introduced during Elizabeth’s reign. These penal laws were where that everyone had to attend Anglican Church on Sundays, it was illegal for Catholics not to abide by this law and where charged with heavy fines if they failed to do so. Puritans wanted further reform of the Anglican Church, specifically a move towards a more Protestant Church.
To what extent were the rebellions of Henry VII’s reign caused by religion? There were four main rebellions, Simnel, Warbeck, Yorkshire and Cornwall, which can be grouped into two sets of Simnel and Warbeck the pretenders, and Yorkshire and Cornwall the regional uprisings. Religion, whilst a major influence on the late medieval society, was not a contributing factor to the rebellions of Henry VII’s reign. For there to be reason to rebel, there needs to be an incentive, in the form of some disagreement. However, considering that almost all of England, and Europe for that matter, was Roman Catholic at the time (bar a few smaller Christian religions, which did not affect the country on a national level), it is not the case that religion, or religious disagreements, caused rebellion against the king.
Henry disliked the power of the Church in England because, since it was an international organization, he could not completely control it. If Henry had been powerful enough in Europe to influence the pope it might have been different. But there were two far more powerful states, France, and Spain, with the Holy Roman Empire, lying between him and Rome. The power of the Catholic Church in England could therefore work against his own authority, and the