The demographic dividend is a window of opportunity in the development of a society or nation that opens up as fertility rates decline when faster rates of economic growth and human development are possible when combined with effective policies and markets. The drop in fertility rates often follows significant reductions in child and infant mortality rates, as well as an increase in average life expectancy. As women and families realize that fewer children will die during infancy or childhood they will begin to have fewer children to reach their desired number of offspring. However, this drop in fertility rates is not immediate. The lag between produces a generational population bulge that surges through society.
In New Orleans, poverty among young children was high, partly because many parents were out of work or in low-wage jobs; also, a high percentage of families were headed by a single parent. Parents’ poor education, health limitations, and disability probably also contributed (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2004). The sketchy information available on the health and development of New Orleans’ young children suggests that many were not doing well. This is not surprising: a wide range of studies consistently shows that poverty and low incomes correlate with worse outcomes for children (Golden 2005). Before the hurricane, Louisiana’s capacity to meet the needs of these young children was limited.
More children are born in Britain today outside of marriage than in most other European countries. This has been linked to many explanations such as; poor education in sexual health and the lack of knowlege on different types of contraceptives. Nearly a quarter of children lived with only one parent (25%) last year and nine out of ten of these households were headed by mothers. Dennis and Erdos believe that is is down to most families being fatherless, meaning they automatically have poor health and lower educational attainment, however this is only one theory. Another main reason is the simple fact people are marrying later for many reasons, more because of the change in attitudes towards education and religion (seclurisation).
Although birth rate is high, so is infant mortality, so there is a large drop between children aged 0-5 to 6-10 and the pyramid takes a large indent from a wide base. The pyramid peaks at a low age due to a low life expectancy. Stage 2 of the DTM is early expanding. The falling death rate but remaining high population causes the structure to remain with a wide base. But the rapidly increasing total population as death rate falls to around 15/1000 causes the pyramid to grow taller and life expectancy increases.
In 2013, a report estimated that child poverty costs the UK at least £29 billion each year. Of this £20.5 billion is a direct cost to government (D.Hirsch 2013). The causes can vary according to their factors. The causes of child poverty can be direct as well as indirect. Lack of resources is a direct cause of child poverty and a lack of parental employment, low paid suitable jobs, educational qualifications, high living costs, family structure, housing, ethnicity, play a very significant role in causes of high-level child poverty (www.cpag.org.uk).
Economic losses from disasters have grown exponentially, nearly tripling between1980-89 and 1990-99. This is far greater rate than the growth in the number of disasters. Insured losses have increased less dramatically than total economic losses. It is far too simple to say that developing countries suffer the greatest number of deaths and developed countries the greatest economic impact of disasters. The economic losses appear greater in richer countries because of the value of their economies and the cost of making good the damage.
This was supported by the National Child Development Study which found that children from low income households were an average of 9 months behind in their education compared to others. It showed that material factors such as a poor diet, overcrowded housing and lack of resources have an impact on working class children’s education. Additionally, family socialisation also is believed to affect the social class differences in achievement. Parental interest is shown to have a big impact. JWB Douglas did a longitudinal study of 5’362 children in 1964 which continued until they were 16.
Increased minimum wage for teens without a high school diploma was responsible for over 114,000 fewer employed teens (Even, 2010, p. A15). III. Dependency on the welfare system increases due to the increase demand for more skilled workers. A. Mothers on welfare in states that raised their minimum wage remained on welfare 44 percent longer than mothers on welfare in states where it was not raised (Garfield, 1996).
In order to successed in life, a college education is a must. As a country we can not survive without educated people and education is getting harder to achieve with finacial road stones blocking the path. “If just 2% more of Californians earned an associate degrees and 1% more earned a bachelor’s degree, our state’s economy would grow by $20 billion, state and local tax revenue would increase by $1.2 billion a year and 174,000 new jobs would be created.” Our economy depends on the educated people. In order to be on top as a country, we
We Should Be Concerned About the Speed of Population Growth in South and East Asia In a region that’s population is growing in between 1 and 2 percents annually, and is already struggling greatly to take care of the people that they have, something needs to be done before it gets any more out of hand. As it stands now the population density of East Asia is around 131 people per Km, and South Asia’s isn’t much less. There isn’t enough food to support the current population, nor is the health care system in place able to take care of the number of people now. Crime rates tend to increase as a country or region's population increases. Something needs to be done to either control the population growth in these regions or find a way to make it possible for such a large number of people to live in that region.