Investigation of the effect of Substrate concentration on Catalase activity Research Question: To investigate enzyme kinetics, using catalase enzyme from the yeast extract. Background Information: Enzymes are proteins which catalyze reactions that take place in the body or they increase the rate of the biological reactions. In an enzyme catalyzed reaction, the substrate binds to the active site and forms the enzyme-substrate complex with the enzyme. The enzyme breaks the bonds present in the substrate; the final product of this reaction leaves the enzyme which remains unchanged after the reaction. Catalase is a substance which is produced by the liver to break down hydrogen peroxide.
Measure the height of the reaction with a ruler in millimeters. 2) Liver and peroxide- 2 ml of hydrogen peroxide and a small piece of liver. Record the rate of reaction. 3) Liver and water- 2 cm of water and a small piece of liver. Record the results.
The reason for this is because; this allows the substrate to bind to the active site, which is known as the ‘lock and key model’. The substrate is the key and active site is the lock. No other key will fit into the lock. There are many factors that affect the rate of enzyme activity in the liver, namely, Ph level, and substrate concentration. I chose to do an experiment on ‘How temperature can affect the rate of enzyme activity in the liver?’ Temperature affects the “speeds of the molecules, the activation energy of the catalytic reaction and the thermal stability of the enzyme and substrate.” (2) At different levels of temperature the affects on the enzyme in the liver varies.
The effectiveness of lipase on temperature Abstract Enzymes are biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of reaction. Different enzymes work best at different temperatures, which is also called an optimum temperature. Different enzymes also have different functions. Lipases are enzymes, needed to break down lipids (fats and oils) into the products - glycerol and fatty acids. They work best at room temperature around 36-40 C. Introduction For this experiment, I will be looking at how the change in temperature affects the rate of reaction.
All living organisms have enzymes. Enzymes are globular proteins that selectively speed up (catalyze) the rates of chemical reactions. In our experiment we used yeast which contains catalase, our enzyme, which will react with our substrate, hydrogen peroxide thus making oxygen gas that we can measure. In our first experiment we examined hot and cold temperatures impact on catalase activity our research question was, ‘what is the relationship between temperature and yeast catalase activity?’ Our hypothesis was: If we test cold and hot temperatures, then colder temperatures will have more catalase activity than hotter temperatures. In our 2nd, we examined the effect of warmer temperature.
When these factors vary, enzymes may change in shape so it will not be able to bond to the specific substance anymore. What is trypsin? Trypsin is produced in the pancreas as typsinogen originally allowing metabolic control. It is used widely in various biotechnological processes because it is very easy to be purified. Method: Material: • Trypsin • Casein • Water bath (to keep the temperature constant) • Colorimeter (to measure the rate of enzyme activity) • Thermometer • Test Tubes (to contain the casein and the buffer solution) • Stop watch (to control and measure the time) • Distilled water (to mix with trypsin to produce the buffer solution) • Test tube rack (to prevent the tubes rolling and smashing) Protocol: • Put 2.5 cm³ of 5% with reconstituted casein in 6 of the test
Because the rate of reaction refers to how quickly the reactants are used up or how quickly the products are formed, one method is to measure the volume of gas given off, the more gas given off per time interval results faster reactions.Question: Will the changes in substrate concentration affect the rate of anaerobic reaction? Why or why not? What are the independent variable and dependent variable in this lab activity? What are some other controlled variables? Hypothesis: If substrate concentrations are changed, then as the concentration increase, the rate of anaerobic reaction will also increase, because the increase of the reactant concentration means there are more reactant particles, and there is a greater chance for these particles to collide and let reaction happen.
This exothermic reaction increases the temperature inside the bomb, which then transfers the energy to the external water jacket raising the external temperature. It is this rise in the water-jacket temperature which is monitored and then back-calculated to obtain energy release by the combustion reaction. 1. Construction of Bomb Calorimeter A weighed sample of substance is placed in contact with an ignition wire inside the bomb. The bomb is filled to about 20 atm of pressure with O2, sealed, and placed in a known amount of water.
The eudiometer will show the displacement of the water in volume of CO2. Hypothesis: I predict that the greater the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the greater the rate of reaction and so more carbon dioxide will be produced in the same time period than at lower concentrations. I predict this because there will be more collisions between the calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. Variable Factors Reasons Control 1.Time duration of experiment 2. Mass of Marble Chips 3.Surface Area of Marble Chips 4..
Small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse in and out of the cells through the phospholipid bilayer; ions and glucose molecules enter and leave the cell via the channel proteins. Waste products such as nitrogenous compounds are carried to the kidneys and are excreted in the form of urine. Antidiuretic hormone, (ADH), is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. It is carried by the plasma to the kidney and stimulate the occurrence of water reabsorption. When the body is dehydrated, ADH is released, causing the collecting ducts to become more permeable.