This suggest that depression must be passed on through genes if there is a high concordance rate between twins which share the same genetic makeup both having depression. However, biological factors such as the amine hypothesis states that if amines such as serotonin and noradrenalin become unbalanced, they can lead to depression. PET scans support this idea as they show that low levels of serotonin are present in people that are depressed. Other supporting evidence is that drugs such as MAOI’s, which work by increasing the available amount of noradrenalin in the brain, were found to be effective in alleviating the symptoms of depression. A problem with this is that it doesn’t state whether it is cause or effect.
She’s a very smart dog and knows exactly what I’m saying. She may not know everything but for example when I tell her to speak, she barks. 2. The information I need to support my claims is proof. I would research if there’s any solution to get people to treat their animals the way they deserve to be treated.
Anti depressants such as MAOI’s which increase the available amount of nor adrenaline in the brain, were found to be effective for elevating the symptoms of depression. So when noradrenalin is increased in the brain, symptoms of depression get better, suggests that it is chemicals that are the root cause of depression. This idea is also found in the results of taking reserpine, a drug used to treat high blood pressure. Depression is a unwanted side effect of this drug, as this drug acts by lowering levels of nor adrenaline. So again strongly suggests that low activity noradrenaline, is a factor contributing to the cause of depression.
These issues are more related to chronic stress rather than acute stress and it occurs for a long period, thus affecting health for a longer period. There is a considerable amount of research conducted on this topic, for example, stress affecting the digestive system and leading to gastric ulcers. One of these studies was conducted by Brady, in which he wanted to investigate whether the stress of receiving electric shocks lead to stress-related illnesses and whether this would change with the degree of control over the shocks. The monkeys received foot shocks which were signalled by a tone, these monkeys were run in pairs, one of them was called the “executive monkey”, which was able to press a level to avoid shocks. The other was the “yoked” animal, which did not have the lever and received all the shocks anyway.
There are both internal and external causes to our actions. Internal causes are the genes contained within our DNA. External causes are the influences from the environment, being economical, political and religious. Genetics may have a powerful influence on how we respond. In 2002 scientists found evidence that a particular gene predisposed children towards bad behaviour and they concluded that children who were abused and had the gene were more likely to go on to abuse others.
Without Hex-A, large harmful quantities of a lipid known as gangliosides (GM2) builds up in the nerve cells of the brain. Our bodies need Hex-A because it’s necessary for breaking down GM2. One of the signs of Tay-Sachs is the presence of a cherry-red spot. All affected tay-sachs patients have a red spot that is visible when using an opthalmoscope. An opthalmoscope is a lighted instrument used to view the
The Immune system normally functions to protect against foreign invaders by sending out certain cells that attack and destroy the ailment affecting your body, like an infection or a cold. But with lupus the immune system becomes hyperactive that the immune system begins attacking the body itself. What happens is the immune system sends out what is called B cells to attack an infection, but in Lupus the B cells live longer then they should. These B cells produce an antibody,
The evolutionary adaptive explanation for schizophrenia is that schizoid personalities have acted in the past to perform the valuable function of dividing tribal communities when they become too large so it helped to maintain dwindling food resources. Stevens and Price suggest that maintaining schizoid symptoms would lead to the splitting of communities and the formation of new ones. This is due to the fact that schizoid symptoms like mood changes, bizarre beliefs, hallucinations and delusions of grandeur would induce discontented group members to leave. This supports biological explanations for schizophrenia as an evolutionary explanation is considered a biological
(Weebly 6) The liver can be over worked by consuming a great amount of steroids, slowing the bile movement through the liver which can increase the chances of a tumor developing. (Alvin, Virginia, Silverstein 42) Anabolic steroids can be taken orally, applied as a gel or cream, and injected. (Woolston) When injecting steroids through a syringe the possibility of contracting a blood borne disease dramatically increases. The use of anabolic steroids can affect your life in so many ways. Steroids can be particularly dangerous for adolescents because of bodies are still developing and can cause adulthood before reaching puberty.
Psychologists working from the biological perspective argue that we can inherit a predisposition to anxiety disorders (Morris & Maisto, 2010). In addition, research has shown that there are several parts of the brain that are involved with fear and anxiety, which reinforces the biological connection to anxiety disorders. Many psychologists theorize that anxiety is the result of excessive activation of the brain mechanism responsible for the fight-or-flight response (2011). Fight-or-flight is our brains way of determining the level of danger in a situation. When we are confronted with danger, like the smell of smoke, or a car coming toward us on the street two brain circuits become active and relay information about the danger.