Discuss the Methods of Testing Self-Serving Bias , and What Is Its Importance to Self-Esteem?

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Self-serving bias is an error in attribution. Self-serving bias is when some people take credit for their successes but they blame the situation for their failures. Greenberg et al, Zuckerman believe that humans do this to raise self-esteem levels. Lau and Russel (1980) observed that there is a lot of SSB in American football (and by example many other competitive sports). In American football, coaches and players take pride in their wins, crediting the internal factors such as being in good shape and not external such as the weather. This also happened the other way so when they lost they blamed the external factors such as bad weather and do not credit the internal factors such as being in bad shape. An example of research presenting self-serving bias (SSB) is the experiment by Johnson et al (1964). They go the participants to teach two pupils; student A and student B how to multiply by 10 and 20. After learning each times table both pupils got a test. The results were rigged so Pupil A got the answers correct, and Pupil B, depending on the situation either did badly in both tests or did bad in the first and improved in the second. When Pupil B improved in the tests the participants credited themselves for the pupils’ improvement, and when Pupil B performed badly at both tests the participants blamed the student’s lack of ability. This shows SSB because the participant credits their own teaching skills when the pupil improved in the test and blames the situation of having a ‘dumb’ student when the pupil failed. This improves self-esteem because this makes the participant believe that they are the cause for the pupils success in their exam and when the students fail they believe they aren’t the cause of the students results. SSB is important to raising self-esteem because it helps us see the best in ourselves, protecting us from self-hate and depression.

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