Influenced by Freud, he suggested that people run through the different stages on their way to their own identity; beginning at birth and ending in the late adulthood. Identity is an on-going developmental process included conflicts and
Describe and evaluate the psychodynamic approach Psychodynamic psychologists assume that our behaviour is determined by unconscious forces of which we are unaware. Each manifest (surface) thought, utterance or behaviour hides a latent(hidden) motive or intention. The latent motives for our behaviour reflect our instinctive biological drives and our early experiences, particularly before the age of five. Most particularly, it is the way we are treated by our parents as children that shapes our adult behaviour. Sigmund Freud developed an approach on abnormality that highlighted how human personality and psychosexual development in childhood can cause abnormality.
Psychic conflict can occur at any time but particularly in early childhood, as the ego at this time is not fully developed. Abnormality can be caused by an Ego’s imbalance between these demands, such as an overly strong Superego could lead to anxiety and an overactive Id could lead to a sex addiction. This is an approach to abnormality as a well-adjusted person has a developed strong Ego with Ego-defence mechanisms that is able to control the other two components compared to somebody with an unbalanced personality. Ego-defence mechanisms are unconscious coping strategies that are used because the ego is constantly under
1st part Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory 1. What is the basic assumption of Karen Horney’s Psychoanalytic Social Theory? * Social and cultural conditions, especially childhood experiences, are largely responsible for shaping personality. * People who do not have their needs for love and affection satisfied during childhood develop basic hostility toward their parents and, as a consequence, suffer from basic anxiety. 2.
CBT 3 Cognitive behavioral therapy is generally psychotherapy and behavioral therapy combined. Psychotherapy expresses the importance of personal meaning and our thinking patterns which begin in the stage of childhood. Cognitive behavioral therapy also known as CBT is a short term psychotherapy treatment that uses a concrete approach to problem solving. Its goal is the change the process of thinking for people with difficulties and in bad situation and their behavior with is associated with distress. CBT is
The psychodynamic approach evolved from psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud, who considered that people’s behaviours are influenced by their motives or dynamics. Psychodynamics has three distinctive features or assumptions. That the difficulty a client is having has an origin in their childhood. Secondly, the client is not consciously aware of these affecting their motives and impulses, and lastly that it uses the interpretation of the transference relationship between client and councillor (McLeod, p.91). This essay will now consider these features in more depth.
Psychodynamic Approach Sigmund Freud is the founder of the psychodynamic approach. This approach focuses on the unconscious mind to explain behaviour, and also to treat people suffering from mental illness. This approach also looks into our behaviour and feelings as adults, as our childhood experiences and Interpol relationships can explain this. Freud believes that what drives our behaviour is conflict that arises between three parts of our psych, the id, superego and the ego. The three personalities of the psych are usually out of sync with each other.
Emotional trauma at a time when the brain isn't fully developed may cause changes to the brain and decrease a person's ability to deal with stressful situations later in their life. The hope is that this paper will enlighten the reader in regard to how negative events in the early stages of development can severely affect the person in maturity. CHILD ABUSE AND ITS EFFECTS ON DEVELOPMENT 3 Child Abuse and its Effects on Development Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development is one of the best theories of personality in psychology. Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Erikson's theory describes the impact of social experience across one's life span.
Attachment theory, as postulated by John Bowlby, sought to achieve just that. Bowlby's aim was to discover the consequences of difficulties in forming attachments in childhood, and the effects this would have on an infant's later development. Drawing on much work in the psychoanalytic literature, such as that of Freud and Harlow, Bowlby formulated the idea that infants develop a close emotional bond with an attachment figure early in life, and that the success or failure of this earliest of relationships lead the infant to form a mental representation that would have profound effects on their later relationships and their own success as a parent. A concept that Bowlby referred to as an internal working model. (Bowlby, 1969) Fonagy et al.
Bowlby's aim was to discover the consequences of difficulties in forming attachments in childhood, and the effects this would have on an infant's later development. Drawing on much work in the psychoanalytic literature, such as that of Freud and Harlow, Bowlby formulated the idea that infants develop a close emotional bond with an attachment figure early in life, and that the success or failure of this earliest of relationships lead the infant to form a mental representation that would have profound effects on their later relationships and their own success as a