The biological approach is shown to be one of the most scientific explanations for human behaviour. The key assumptions suggest human behaviour is strongly determined by our genes, biological processes (chemical imbalances, fight/flight responses), and genetic inheritance. The nervous system also has an essential role, especially the brain and central nervous system, where each structure has an important function in the control of behaviour and thoughts. The central nervous system is split into the spinal cord and brain, and is concerned with all life functions and psychological processes. The peripheral nervous system, also part of the nervous system, transmits information to and from the nervous system.
Experiments conducted by Calhoun (1962) involved the overcrowding of rat populations which gave rise to killing, assault and cannibalism. Overcrowding can increase negative effects such as irritation, discomfort and frustration brought about by the feeling that personal space is being invaded. However this feeling of invasiveness varies between cultures – what is considered unacceptable in western culture is not necessarily true
Using otherwise undetectable chemicals, the researchers signaled the rat’s “accessory olfactory system,” to sidestep cognition in order to influence the rodents to perform behaviors ranging from acts of aggression to sexual intercourse. The story ends by comparing the olfactory cells of lab rats to those in humans. The part of Pine’s Article I found most interesting was the way the vomeronasal organs can affect the rat’s behavior without filtering through the rodent’s cerebral cortex. The animal’s react to the stimulus without conscience thought. If, as the article implies, humans are subject to similar chemical influences, there may answers to common questions like, “why am I attracted to … .
Biological Motivation and Prudence: A Research Essay Stan Ubani Psychology 213, section CE Professor Marla Maynard December 7, 2013 Biological Motivation and Prudence Motivation can be defined as the compulsion that makes people to behave, think, and feel the way they do (King, 2013). While biological motivation deals with those instinct in animals that moves them to behave the way they do. This Motivation can arise from drive which can lead to need in other so satisfy the urge. Prudence is the capability to dictate and discipline oneself by the use of reason. Prudence helps the individual in making informed choices that will benefit him and the society at large.
Many thousands of animals (such as rabbits, mice, rats and guinea pigs) are used every year in the tests, but how reliable and applicable are the results to humans? The problem The ‘Draize Eye Irritancy Test’ is just one example of the many experiments animals are used for in countries outside of the EU. The test is often associated with rabbits; however dogs and non-human primates can also be used for this procedure. John H. Draize developed the test in 1944, in order to evaluate the irritation caused by a number of chemicals that are used in the cosmetics industry. In the test, the substance that the scientist is trying to evaluate is placed into one eye, whilst the other eye acts as a control.
Human beings alter natural systems and have always had an impact on the environment. Environmental problems have a cultural and social context; so, understanding the role of cultural, social and economic factors is vital to the finding workable solutions for current problems. Global environmental changes present unprecedented challenges to humans and the ecosystems upon which they depend. The need for interdisciplinary approaches to solve such multidimensional challenges is clear. Topics of great importance, worth in-depth
Many argued that alternatives for testing products should be utilized. Although there are other alternatives, to this day, animals are being experimented on for people’s needs such as cosmetics and medical purposes. Animal testing for cosmetic purposes first started in 1933 when a woman used Lash Lure mascara, it burned her eyes, which made her blind and eventually led to her death. The Food and Drug Administration therefore passed a law called the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act. Two common tests performed on animals to determine the toxicity of a chemical are the LD50 and the Draize test.
However, what may be debatable is the reasoning behind the environmental cause. On many organizations’ websites, their reasons stated for attempting to save endangered species include medicinal, research, and economical benefits. While these are incredibly important, these justifiers are also taking the animal away from the issue. The issue now is about humans and how we suffer from a species dying out, when the foundation of the matter should be the wellbeing of the animals and the ecosystems to which they belong and contribute. The idea of human responsibility is the understanding of obligation a human should feel toward a cause or situation, recognizing the impact humans as a whole have had on the issue.
We can also define it as all of the physical and biological factors that affect a living being and society. The environment can be split into two separate but equally important parts. There is the physical environment which is comprised of things such as plants, animals, buildings, vehicles, weather, and pollution. Then there’s the social environment which is made up of religion, economics, emotions, and human relations. Both of these affect virtually every aspect of human life.
Is Animal Testing Necessary? Do we see birds as an animal flying around in the sky or as a lifeless creature to be tested on? Do we see mice as being cute, class pets or the next control in an experiment? People today should be more aware of how animal testing may one day kill off a number of groups of animals, and can eventually harm the human race. People have yet to realize that their favorite type of deodorant or those good-smelling fragrances they like to put on were once tested on animals.