However the conflict view argues that childhood has not improved because massive inequalities still exist amongst children such as the control and oppression of adults. The March of progress view argues that society has recognised that childhood is a distinct phase in one’s life where children should be treated separately to adults. Children are more valued, cared for, protected and educated due to the introduction of various laws. The child labour act of 1938 restricts children from going into paid employment and protects them from the exploitation of working life. In 1870 it became compulsory for all children to receive an education which provides children with equal opportunities.
27-5-2014 unit 11.1.1 Since 2004 all children in the UK aged three and fours years old have been entitled to free at nursery or another preschool setting such as.. Nurseries on school sites. Nursery classes in schools and academies. Children's centre. Day nurseries. Some playgroups and preschools Childminders.
By determining that children had no clear costume of their own, and aspired to be smaller versions of their parents, left commentators of the master narrative, Aries and Stone in particular, to deduce that children had no individual characteristics aside from that of their gender. Aries evidence was also based on a small sample of diaries between the 16th and 18th Centuries, and from these also deduced that there was a lack of parental love for children. He says in Centuries on Childhood that parents rarely even knew how old their children were, and gives the example of Sancho Paza who, in his diary, writes about his daughter “she may be fifteen, or two years older or younger”. This, he explains, illustrates a lack of parental affection for their children. Lawrence Stone agreed with Aries that there was there was a lack of parental affection, and early modern childhood rested upon discipline and strict patriarchal regime.
As there were no toys and games for children to play with, which is a major part of upbringing, they were forced to take on adult responsibilities as young as seven to keep themselves occupied. Children at this age were expected to assist in productive activities in the household and may well be apprenticed out to learn to trade. This type of work led to “little distinction between adults and children”, for the reason that children were now seen as economic assets, just like men who provided money for the family in the pre-industrial society. In addition kids were criminally responsible, indicating that they could be punished for crimes such as stealing on a similar basis to that of adults. For example, a 7 year old could be hung for stealing.
All children aged 5-16 are entitled to a free place at a state school. Most families take up this place. A few – around 6.5% - choose to pay for a place at an independent (also called a private, or – confusingly – public) school. Parents pay fees towards the cost of running an independent school. Both state and private schools are Ofsted inspected.
Child abuse takes place when a child is either physically, emotionally, or sexually been neglected or mistreated. Child Abuse has been happening by parents and older adults for many centuries and our laws have failed to protect children. During the 1800’s children were being abused and yet this was never being reported. In late 1800’s a law was made to protect children from cruelty. Some cultures believe that what they are doing to their children is totally normal and that they are not abusive towards their children.
In this reform, it was mentioned that parents could be persecuted for treating their children cruelly. Poor law authorities were made to visit and supervise the children who were neglected and suffered from cruelty. Children under 14 were not allowed to pubs and sales of cigarettes and alcohol were forbidden to the children under 16 of age. Juvenile courts and borstals
Now, there is no need for children to use their imagination and creativity anymore, television has even taken that away from them. In today's generation, television has a great influence on children. Unfortunately most of the programs watched by children have a negative impact and give the wrong impression of what really happens in everyday life. It also influences their development and their behaviors. "In fact childhood development experts say infants as young as 14 months old imitate behavior they see on television and children up to the age of 5 lacks the cognitive ability to distinguish fact from fantasy.
She is a young mother with a little boy who she did not care much of only that he would hurry and turn eighteen so that he can move out, instead of giving the little boy up for adoption or to a family member she rather abuse him (Dunbar, Copyright 2012 Barrington Broadcasting Group, LLC). The ethical of this situation is that this little three year old boy was kept in a room for over twenty hours, with no food only fed once a day supposedly, the bedroom was filthy and it smelled so bad, and the little boy was not even allowed to leave the room at any given time not even to use the bathroom (Dunbar, Copyright 2012 Barrington Broadcasting
Dickens is well known for writing about social issues in the Victorian era and Great Expectations is no exception. Dickens was obsessed with the poor way of living probably due to his own deprived childhood, like his own; many of his portrayed characters didn’t have particularly happy childhood. His father was unable to stay out of debt and this lead to his eventual imprisonment. At the time Dickens grew up there was very little education for the average child, with only the wealth and privileged paying for a basic education. People were imprisoned for just being poor and children if they were orphaned.