All viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; all have a protein coat that protects these genes; and some have an envelope of fat that surrounds them when they are outside a cell. Fungi are diverse in terms of their shape, size & means of infecting humans. Fungi are eukaryotes, meaning that like parasites, their cells have a true nucleus and complex internal structures. They are most commonly found as environmentally resistant spores and molds, but can cause disease in humans in the forms of yeasts. Parasites are part of a large group of organisms called eukaryotes.
Bacteria reproduces by most commonly occurs by a kind of cell division called binary fission. Binary fission results in the formation of two bacterial cells that are genetically identical. 6. The Archaea these microbes are prokaryotes, meaning that they have no cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles within their cells. 7.
These organelles are believed to have been absorbed in early pre-eukaryotic cells and ultimately developed a symbiotic relationship with the host cell over time. Essentially, mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to be distant relatives of ancient, free-living prokaryotes, that sometime in the past, they were cells themselves. There is compelling evidence supporting this hypothesis. Bacteria routinely absorb other smaller bacteria and sometimes these are not fully digested. This is one of the main pieces of evidence used to support endosymbiosis.
Unit 4222-265 Causes and spread of infection (ICO2) Understand the causes of infection 1. The differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria belong to a group of single celled microorganisms which are classified as prokaryotes i.e. they do not have membrane bound organelles. They have no true nucleus as the DNA is not contained within a membrane or separated from the rest of the cell, but is coiled up in a region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid and the cell is surrounded by a cell wall an outer covering that protects the bacterial cell and gives it shape. Viruses are infectious agents, often highly host-specific, consisting of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat.
Fungi :A Fungus is a spore producing organism and can live as a single celled yeast or as a larger multi-cellular mould. It will live by absorbing certain nutrients from any organic matter. Fungi include moulds, mildews, Mushrooms and yeast. The more common illnesses from fungi could be athlete’s foot, ringworm and thrush. Viruses: A virus needs a host cell to replicate.
All viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information, all have protein coats that protect these genes and some have an envelope of fat that surrounds them when they are outside a cell. FUNGI Fungi or worms that live in or on a host to obtain nourishment without providing any benefit to the host fungi. There are many different varieties of fungi, and we eat quite a few of them mushrooms are fungi, as is the mould that forms the blue or green veins in some types of cheese. Also, yeast is another type of fungi and a necessary ingredient in bread .Few serious fungal diseases occur in the U.K., so you are highly unlikely to come across any that can cause serious illness
The amoebas are moved with pseudopods. The ciliates move with their cilia, and lastly the apicomplexan are parasites and don’t move around very well. Some microbiologists suggest that protists have many other kingdoms with in it, and that with some genetic sequencing and cellular components, protozoas evolved from several distinct precursors. 2. How are Algae and Protozoa the same?
Fungi are Eukaryotes, when compared to prokaryotic. Fungi are eukaryotic multicellular organisms. Fungi cells have a cell wall that contains chitins, but the wall
However, a unique structure that plant cells have is cell wall, large central vacuole and chloroplasts which are absent in animal cells. And the structure only unique to the animal cell is centrioles. ( Jones et al, 2014 ) We can now use different methods to study the cell. But the most common way to study the cell used by scientists are microscopes. The structure and organelles of the cell can be observed under a microscope.
Giardia lacks many of the prominent organelles, such as peroxisomes and mitochondria that are characterisitic of eukaryotic organisms. Although they do lack these organelles, they have many of the endomembrane protein transport systems of higher cells. [ (Boltz) ] The life cycle of Giardia consists of a reproductive, trophozoite form that inhabits the intestinal lining of its host, and a cyst form that can exist outside of its host for periods of time. The structures of these cells are quite different to ensure their survival in their exceptionally changeable environments. Giardia exists in active (trophozoite) and dormant (cyst) stages.