For most of the history of China, its legal system has been based on the Confucian philosophy of social control through moral education, as well as the Legalist emphasis on codified law and criminal sanction. Following the Revolution of 1911, the Republic of China adopted a largely Western-style legal code[citation needed] in the civil law tradition (specifically German-influenced). The establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 brought with it a more Soviet-influenced system of socialist law. However, earlier traditions from Chinese history have retained their influence, even to the present. Law in the People's Republic of China is currently undergoing gradual reform, as many elements inside and outside the country emphasize the need to strengthen the rule of law in China, and international trade and globalization spur transformations in various areas of Chinese domestic law.
He ruled both these lands through a Chinese-styled government, a centralized government that relied on Legalist principles, and imposed Confucian values. Even though the Han dynasty forced their own values on the people they ruled, the outcome was that their
Reflection Paper 1 Ancient and Imperial China September 19, 2014 Summary of Intellectual Foundations of China In his book, Intellectual Foundations of China, Frederick Mote discusses the importance of the various schools of thought that appeared in the years leading up to the imperial period of ancient China, and how their influence impacted Chinese intellectual thought that persists to this day. Confucius began the legacy of intellectual thinking by lighting the torch that would be carried on to create Confucianism. Taoism ran parallel to Confucianism, and acted as a polar opposite, but not an adversary. Mote describes both in detail, dedicating a great deal of his book to the two ideologies specifically. Mote describes Confucius as the first self-conscious philosopher that we know of in the Chinese tradition.
The first Governor-General of Taiwan was Kabayama Sukenori. He announced the beginning of Japanese power of sovereign of Taiwan by holding a dominion inauguration ceremony on June 17 (Encyclopedia of Taiwan). Other than the Governor-General, the chief civil administrator was very important as well. Goto Shinpei was the most well-known administrator in Taiwan because he had made a lot of great contributions to Taiwanese, and these contributions deeply influence Taiwanese society. Socially, Japanese government strived to work on abandoning out-of-date customs or habits in Taiwan and improving public sanitation.
Not until Edo period did Confucianism in Japan flourish and entered its peak era, becoming what is known as Japanese Confucianism (Ping & Lili 2010). The three dominant schools of philosophy in Japan were led by Yamaga Sokou, Ito Jinsai and Ogyuu-Sorail. Although the leaders were separated by the differences in their thoughts, they all agreed that Japanese society should be guided by the theory and philosophy of classic Confucianism (Ping & Lili, 2010). While the essence of Confucianism was absorbed by Japanese thinkers at that time, it adopted some unique factors of Japan’s folk customs in order to make it closer to Japanese society. Classic Chinese Confucianism stressed the harmony among social members.
Korea is located on the eastern tip of the Asian continent, in the small peninsula that faces the Pacific Ocean. This small country has lasted over four thousand years, withstanding its powerful neighbors and developed a unique culture of its own. One of its main unique features comes from the fact that it pursued Confucianism as its core ideology. Therefore, even though Confucianism started in China, the application of it can be traced also distinctly in Korea. The Dynasty of Joseon brought the principals of Confucianism, and indigenized it to fit its existing values.
In addition, the other being from 770 B.C. to 221 B.C., which is known as the Eastern Zhou Dynasty at the time. The Zhou had a very big part in helping Chinese’s cultivation which steered to the cultural consistency, and there central government. During the Zhou, the country was alienated into the highest ranking to the lower ranking of the commanding officers. Some saw the peasants as a free man, but other saw them as nothing but slaves.
For instance, the Feudal Japanese class systems, the classes under this system are Shogun, Daimyo, Samurai, Artisan, Peasants, and Merchants. Shogun is the most powerful military and ruled in the emperor’s name while the bottom rung was occupied by Merchants that were ostracized as ‘parasites’ who profited from labor of the more productive peasant and artisan class. They also live in separate section of each city and the higher class also were forbidden to mix with lower class except for business. Hence from this point of view, shows that Functionalist concept of socialisation is too deterministic as common beliefs and sentiments that transcend that individual and shape his or her consciousness. However, Dennis Wrong critics on the individual to play the roles automatically assign on them.
Pressures from China, Japan, and the United States have been received by the Okinawan people into developing its own unique culture. The history of the Ryukyu Kingdom prior to the Meiji era was of an independent nation that was highly influenced by the Chinese but later destroyed by the invasion of a Japanese clan in the seventeenth century. Regardless of the exchanges that Okinawa had to endure, it has been able to maintain certain elements that remain with its people. One of those elements is the dependency of the women and her role in the life of Okinawa. Although it has appeared that man dominates the land, it’s actually the woman that is the center piece to keeping the flow of life very smooth.
Even if there have been several influential predominant cultures that penetrated and conquered the leadership throughout the centuries (namely Mongolian and Manchurian cultures, Buddhism and also partially Islamism). In Modern Era the idea of a collective Chinese identity has focused on the basis that Chinese population is composed for the great majority by people belonging to Han cultural and ethnic group. Since the end of the Empire and the foundation of the Chinese Nationalist Republic in 1911, and throughout the process that led to the creation of People’s Republic of China in 1949 until the very present day, Chinese rulers had made a strong effort to legitimate their power, creating a new modern Chinese identity that could be shared by the multitude of different ethnic, cultural and religious identities scattered all around the immense territories that we now call China. From the start of the modernization process it has been a central question for the intellectuals of the beginning of the century to determine what must be preserved and what should be abandoned in the traditional