The reason for this is because; this allows the substrate to bind to the active site, which is known as the ‘lock and key model’. The substrate is the key and active site is the lock. No other key will fit into the lock. There are many factors that affect the rate of enzyme activity in the liver, namely, Ph level, and substrate concentration. I chose to do an experiment on ‘How temperature can affect the rate of enzyme activity in the liver?’ Temperature affects the “speeds of the molecules, the activation energy of the catalytic reaction and the thermal stability of the enzyme and substrate.” (2) At different levels of temperature the affects on the enzyme in the liver varies.
Will the PTU affect the Catechol Oxidase (Potato Extract) and change colors if the liquids are together. I believe that PTU will not bind to the Potato Extract and affect the color, causing PTU to be an uncompetitive inhibitor. Method the following liquids were pipetted in the following order to their following test tubes and to the appropriate amounts. Corresponding to the following chart; Contents of the Experimental Tubes 1, 2 and3 |Table |1 |2 |3 | |H2O |5ml |5ml
Experiment 9 - Effects on Vitamin C (with PH) Research Question: How does the change of PH (increase of decrease) effect the amount of vitamin C in a vitamin C solution? Goal of Experiment: Have the opportunity to independently design and perform a scientific study on an aspect of vitamin C decomposition. Hypothesis: I predict that by introducing HCl or NaOH into the vitamin C solution the percentage of vitamin C present in the solution will decrease. Abstract: The purpose of this lab is to determine the effects that changing the PH of a vitamin C solution will have on the concentration of vitamin C. The concentration changes will be calculated after 6 titrations (2 control, 2 with added NaOH, and 2 with added HCl) . Once calculated, these results can be analyzed and will either validate or refute my hypothesis.
1 mark AND Extreme pH denatures the enzyme, altering the shape of the active site and preventing the enzyme and substrate forming a complex, thereby decreasing the rate of the reactions. This is seen in a decrease in the amount of oxygen being produced. 1 mark c. This pH will need to be read from the graph 1 mark AND Optimum pH 1 mark Question 2 a. Any 2 of the following The volume the pH solution The volume of peroxide The surface area of the liver cube The same size test tube 1 mark b. The pH 1 mark c. Treatment group refers to all groups which are being manipulated or varied during an experiment.
The Solubility of Potassium Nitrate Introduction The purpose of this experiment was to observe how temperature affected the solubility of solid potassium nitrate that was put in different solvents. The temperature was not the other thing that was being varied to observe the solubility of potassium nitrate, the amount solute was also varied and the kinds of solvents in this experiment were varied. The nature of each solvent changes due to the common ion effect which is basically means that the concentration of a soluble salt is reduced if there is a common ion with that salt. Also potassium nitrate solubility in basic and acidic places was also determined, to see if it affected the temperature. The moles of KNO3 s/ Kg solvent were needed to calculate the correct molal concentration.
THE EFFECTS OF SALINITY CONCENTRATION ON AN ENZYME – CATALYZED REACTION HELEN PROFESSOR BUELL BIO 101L-03 11/22/11 The effects of salinity concentration on an enzyme – catalyzed reaction INTRODUCTION This experiment was performed to investigate how the physical factors of salinity will affect the rate of an enzyme – catalyzed reaction. (How fast an enzyme will turn over a substrate, based on energy of activation.) We tested on various levels of salt concentration, and used catechol to represent substrate, and potato extract to represent enzyme. We kept the levels of the “substrate” and “enzyme” at a constant, in an effort to only test on the salinity concentration. If our hypothesis is supported, our results will show that the higher concentration of salt, the faster the enzyme will denature.
OSMOSIS IN POTATO CELLS INVESTIGATION Introduction Osmosis is the passage of water from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane. Osmosis only involves the movement of water molecules. The diagram depicts water molecules diffusing from the left hand side which has the higher water potential, to the right hand side which has the lower water potential. Only the water molecules can pass across the partially permeable membrane Figure 1 Aim The aim of this investigation is to record the effect of varying dilutions of sodium chloride solution on sections of potatoes and ascertaining the amount of osmotic activity between the two. The independent variable is varying the range of concentrations by diluting the 1M solution of sodium chloride.
To fix this issue, the chemical potassium hydroxide will be added that will selectively take out C02. Potassium hydroxide will chemically react with carbon dioxide by the following equation: C02 + 2 KOH -> K2CO3+ H20 A microrespirometer is the system used to measure cellular respiration. As long as the volume and temperature in the microrespirometer does not change, the pressure changes in the microrespirometer are directly relative to a change in the amount of gas in the microrespirometer. Therefore, by comparing separate microrespirometers, each with different test subjects within, we can observe the different rates at which cellular respiration occurs. Hypothesis In this experiment, the rate of cellular respiration in the germinating peas will be higher than that of the glass beads; non-germinating peas; and seeds mixed with glass beads.
Dependent Variable: The time taken in seconds the enzyme to react at different temperatures. This is because the temperature of the enzyme is reacting at will either make the enzyme reacts faster or slower. The rate of digestion will be calculated by 1/t (sec-1) Controlled Variables: concentration of enzyme (3 ml lipase) X nextag shop; Lipase Concentrate-HP 90 UltraCaps - Integrative Therapeutics; $24 (http://www.nextag.com/enzyme-lipase/compare-html) concentration of substrate (3 ml cooking oil) concentration of inhibitor (1 ml bile salt) All of these are fixed so that it does not affect the reaction. Introduction: Proteins that are made up of long chains of amino acids are called enzymes. These enzymes act as catalysts in chemical reactions which decreases the activation required for the reaction and consequently
All living organisms have enzymes. Enzymes are globular proteins that selectively speed up (catalyze) the rates of chemical reactions. In our experiment we used yeast which contains catalase, our enzyme, which will react with our substrate, hydrogen peroxide thus making oxygen gas that we can measure. In our first experiment we examined hot and cold temperatures impact on catalase activity our research question was, ‘what is the relationship between temperature and yeast catalase activity?’ Our hypothesis was: If we test cold and hot temperatures, then colder temperatures will have more catalase activity than hotter temperatures. In our 2nd, we examined the effect of warmer temperature.