In America, standard laws are usually common sense. Some examples are: no committing murder, no stealing, and unlawful drug possession. Even though many of those might be tempting and easy to break, I below that those laws are fair. Many, if not most, laws are meant to keep people controlled and safe. However, in Nightjohn, it was illegal for African Americans to be able to read or write.
Abnormality arises when a person deviates from the norm, or what is usual. Social norms define accepted, desirable and expected ways in which members of society ought to behave. One approach to identifying abnormality is noticing people who behave in a socially deviant and apparently incomprehensible way. This is therefore regarded as abnormal behaviour because they don’t fit with the expectations of society. For example, a customary behaviour is that people come to work wearing clothes, so if someone then arrives at work naked, they would be seen as abnormal.
•Financial abuse is the illegal or unauthorised use of a person’s property, money, pension book or other valuables. •Institutional abuse involves failure of an organisation to provide appropriate and professional individual services to vulnerable people. It can be seen or detected in processes, attitudes and behaviour that amount to discrimination through unwitting prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, stereotyping and rigid systems. •Self-neglect is a behavioural condition in which an individual neglects to attend to their basic needs, such as personal hygiene, appropriate clothing, feeding, or tending appropriately to any medical conditions they have. •Neglect is a passive form of abuse in which the perpetrator is responsible to provide care, for someone, who is unable to care for oneself, but fails to provide adequate care to meet their needs.
As described earlier in my reflective account (ci) a good example of practice which excludes the individual and is discriminatory is being ignored whilst having a bed bath – the lack of privacy and dignity had a lasting effect on me. Patients of a different culture/religion could be excluded. They could be discriminated against because the carers don’t believe in or simply don’t understand their faith. They may discriminate against this person because or they don’t respect the way they dress or don’t provide the right food for that religion. Avoiding people who are different, such as those with a mental/physical disability or those of a different culture, is classed as discriminatory practice.
In the novel, The Road by Cormac McCarthy there are many different aspects of good and evil, some of which could be misunderstood due to one’s interpretation between the two because of the pressures of society. Specifically asking the questions what distinguishes the two and if human nature plays a role in determining what is the most basic factor “good” or “evil”. The novel suggests there is not really any good and evil however the manner in which the character adapts to the new world can be viewed in either a positive or negative manner. The true distinction between good and evil behavior is how people survived in abandoned civilization and how one encountered its hardships. This is evident in the journey of a father and son, struggling for food, warmth and basic necessities that one needs to live.
Individual relativism is how a person behaves within the society, are his/her actions guided for “good” or “bad” cause; while cultural relativism relates more as how a group of individuals behave, what costumes share, and how do they react to the changes of living in the same environment (society). 4. So why "do as the Romans do" as opposed to doing whatever you want to do? What does Herskovits mean? It is not a matter of anarchy, otherwise is an issue of following the standard rules and costumes to blend in with the locals.
Firstly, social conditions in the north were much better than the south. Segregation existed in the north formally as De Facto discrimination meaning that there were no formal laws of segregation but the reality of everyday life was one of discrimination. However in 1945 the northern states voluntarily ended discrimination. This meant that African-Americans had more freedom and were not targeted as much. Eating, transport and educational facilities were not segregated in the north.
Social norms may however, can vary between cultures – for example, African tribes wear little clothing and Western cultures keep parts of their body covered at all times. One limitation of this definition would be that the cultures have different norms and so you may be considered mentally ill in one country and not in another - therefore making it inconsistent, and thus the , definition is culturally relative. A second limitation of this definition would be that it is subjective, this means it based on other people's opinions, this is a problem because they are based on opinions of elites in society rather than majority opinion. It may seem normal within their sub culture, but abnormal to others. The second definition is the 'Failure to Function Adequately' definition, proposed by Rosenhan & Seligman in 1989, it suggests that abnormality should be defined as a range of characteristics that suggest a person is failing to function adequately in their daily life.
There is no such thing as positive stereotyping, although the thought behind it may be positive such as blacks are good at sports it is not always true and can effect a persons thought about the whole race. What about the blacks that are not good at sports, because they are stereotyped to be good at sports it can leave them wondering what is wrong with them and why they are not. It sets up for disappointment because of general expectations of a group. What are the negative
A culture is the way of life of a particular society where everyone follows the same norms and values. However, there are some people who step out of these norms and values and become ‘deviant’ in society- these are referred to as subcultures. Subcultural theorists, as Item A states, ‘see crime and deviance as a group activity’, and so try and explain deviance and crime in terms of a subculture of a certain group. However, some say that explaining subcultural crime ad deviance in society today is not useful as it doesn’t consider individuals motives. Cohen, as Item A also states, was interested in ‘what causes members to be attracted to rule breaking.’ He argued that lower working class boys want success and a status, but yet cannot achieve this due to cultural and relative deprivation which ultimately causes educational failure and dead end jobs.