Unit 517 Lead Person Centred Practise (HSCM1) 1.5 Explain how person centred practise can result in positive changes for an individual. Person centred practise (PCP) places the individual at the centre of the care they receive and this can lead to a lot of positive changes. Before the use of PCP, treatment of an individual was based on their condition (medical model). Decisions are continually made for the individual as they are only defined as being independent once they overcome their disabilities. Taking away a person’s choices long-term may lead to ill effects such as withdrawal, depression, lack of motivation, lack of progression, delusions of over dependency, challenging behaviours, lack of opportunities and community access and institutionalisation.
Hobson believes that because problems in our life are usually through interpersonal relationships, we should resolve these problems through a therapeutic relationship. The quality of the relationship is crucial for the effectiveness of the therapy. PIT consists of several interlinking components, of which include ‘explanatory rationale’ and ‘staying with feelings’. A potential strength of PIT is that it is just as effective if not more so than current treatments at improving depressive symptoms. Research support comes from Elkin, who found that when compared to CBT, PIT is just as effective at treating depression.
Beck’s cognitive therapy aims to change people’s |Building on the basic processes of learning, behavioral |Psychodynamic therapy seeks to bring unresolved past | |Approach |illogical thoughts about themselves and the world. |treatment approaches make this fundamental assumption: |conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious | | |However, cognitive therapy is considerably less |Both abnormal behavior and normal behavior are learned. |into the conscious, where patients may deal with the | | |confrontational and challenging than rational-emotive |People who act abnormally either have failed to learn the |problems more effectively. Psychodynamic approaches are | | |behavior therapy. Instead of the therapist’s actively |skills they need to cope with the problems of everyday |based on Freud’s psychoanalytic approach to personality, | | |arguing with clients about their dysfunctional cognitions,|living or have acquired faulty skills and patterns that |which holds that individuals employ defense mechanisms, | | |cognitive therapists more often play the role of teacher.
The behaviourist approach has lead to successful treatments such as CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy) developing which have been successful when it comes to treating mental disorders such as phobias. The theories are deterministic as it suggests that we just copy behaviour whereas we really have a choice in whether we do or not and not everyone will copy behaviour just because they have seen someone else do
The psychological approach links to social care. The behaviourist therapy is shaping and changing social behaviour using the principles of operant conditioning using behaviour modification techniques typically, this involves establishing assistant of tokens or rewards to reinforce desired behaviour. Token economy is a common feature of mental health and commonly used in institutes. However, social reinforcement in modern care settings would be verbalised such as “well done” to build up self esteem and confidence. The psychological approach links to health practice.
Education is important with this form of treatment so clients can recognize how different factors affect the course of the disease and what they can do to manage these factors (Steinkuller and Rheineck 342). Family therapy is also a means of treatment where family members as well as the client see a mental health provider to find solutions and ways to deal with the disorder. Family involvement provides structure and could increase adherence to treatment leading to delays or reductions in relapses (Steinkuller and Rheineck 342). Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy involves stabilizing social and circadian rhythms based on the hypotheses that unstable daily routines result in increased bipolar episodes in individuals prone to them (Steinkuller and Rheineck 349). Social rhythm therapy recognizes the need for regular sleep/wake cycles, regulation of meals, exercise, sleep and plans for keeping rhythms stable when disruptions occur.
Modalities are used by altering the language to suit personality and client individuality. Using the correct or dominant modality for clients at the beginning of an induction means that the experience will be enhanced as the sub conscious will be more responsive to the internal representations. Without the use of modalities, clients will have to listen to language imagery that they feel less comfortable with and therefore may feel on edge which may make the hypnosis process less
On the other hand, this technique will only work if the client has a good working relationship with the therapist. If they do not get on the SIT will not work at all or may only work for a few months. Another technique for managing stress is biological. There are many drug treatments for stress such as analdohol which was tested in Budzynski’s research into drug related stress therapies. One problem with drugs as a treatment however, is that patients can become very dependent on the drugs and find it hard to come off them.
Depending on the persons personal situation and preferences depends on the best treatment for that person. Psychotherapy helps adults and children retrain their thought patterns and routines so the compulsive behaviors are no longer present. Certain psychiatric medications can help someone control the obsessions and compulsions of OCD. Antidepressants are usually the first drug to be helpful for OCD; it helps increase the levels of serotonin. Before anyone is treated for OCD, it is very important for that person to understand the pros and cons of the treatments available to
The relevance of personality types in psychotherapy Our client’s personality types are of extreme importance in therapy. The therapist will continually assess and re-assess the clients personality type, this will enable the therapist to use various techniques which are most suited to the client. This will aide and enhance the clients experience as the therapist will be able to balance their needs. Everybody will show signs of all of the following personality types, however some are stronger than others, and can be distorted. Through therapy we can learn to balance this out and to develop the other qualities which are not so obvious.