It may offer reduced memory loss and a reduction in hallucinations. Medication can have a calming effect and helps enable sleep. It can help reduce the likeliness of the person concerned to worry and reduce their pain. Along with this, medication can also reduce aggression and restlessness. Some of the negative effects are things such as nausea and stomach pains, restlessness and tiredness.
When serotonin is released by one cell, it enters the next cell through an area of the cell membrane called the receptor. In OCD, some receptors are thought to block serotonin from entering the cell. This leads to a deficiency in the neurotransmitter in key areas of the brain; i.e. people with OCD may have too little serotonin for their nerve cells to communicate effectively.Dopamine activity:40% of OCD patients do not respond to SSRIs, suggesting that, in some at least, other neurotransmitters are involved. Animal studies have shown that high doses of dopamine aginists induce stereotyped movements in animals that resemble the compulsive behaviours found in OCD patients.
Excessive alcoholic intake results in alcoholic dementia. Use of recreational drugs cause substance induced dementia. Once the over use of these drugs are stopped the injury persists but may not progress. Dementia which begins gradually and worsens progressively over several years is usually caused by neurodegenerative disease that is, by conditions affecting only or primarily the neurons of the brain and causing gradual but irreversible loss of function of these cells. Less commonly, a non-degenerative condition may have secondary effects on brain cells, which may or may not be reversible if the condition is treated.
In normal people a mechanism prevents excessive or prolonged arousal in response to a stressor. In depressed people those levels are high and then go down after a depressive episode. When noradrenalin levels are low, the Cortisol levels can’t be regulated which suggests that it is linked to depression. A problem with this explanation is that it doesn’t state whether it is cause or effect. There is significant evidence to suggest that the role of hormones, (primarily
Generic name is tramadol. This is a nonopioid analgesic, but it does have weak agonist activity at mu opioid receptors. However, it causes minimal respiratory depression (although the patient should still be monitored for this). Previously was not a controlled substance, but was switched to a schedule IV in 2014. Notable side effect: seizures. Avoid use in clients with or at high risk for seizures.
“Discuss one or more explanation of addiction (8+16)” The biological explanation state that addiction is caused by the A1 variant, people with A1 variant of DRD2 gene have less dopamine receptors on the pleasure centres of the brain. Therefore, they will want to compensate and take more of the drug to release more dopamine and seek pleasure. This shows that addicts have less dopamine receptors and to increase the levels they take drugs and become addicts because of the pleasure. However, a weakness of the biological explanation is individual differences; genetic explanations shows how people get addicted and not others in the same environment this is down to the pre disposition of the gene which makes them vulnerable this shows why some people resist to the treatment. Showing that addiction varies on people because it depends on how vulnerable they are to addiction and biological approaches are dependent on the gene.
UNIT 4222-365 1.1 Range of causes of dementia Cells in the brain stop working, and the part of the brain that this occurs in will affect how that person thinks, remembers and communicates. The most common forms of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease and Vascular dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is caused by damage in certain areas of the brain. With time, it spreads and affects cells in other parts of the brain. The cause of the brain cells dying and the deterioration of the connectors is not fully known.
Administering antipsychotic medication with anticholinergic drugs will slow gastric motility. Absorption after IM administration is less variable because this method avoids the first-pass effects. IM administration produces greater bioavailability. When administering an IM, choose a muscle that is frequently active because IM drugs absorb slowly and erratically when the muscle is not used
Some effects of antidepressants can be destroyed creativity, dull emotions, weight gain, suicide and many other negative things. If this does happen, just stop taking them, easy as that, and try something else like yoga or acupuncture sessions to help relax you. That’s why they mostly work more for people who have severe depression opposed to those with mild to moderate depression. Many experts believe that people are becoming too dependent on antidepressants, but if it helps them get through life, they should take them. As long as they don’t harm you and make you happier with
Researchers believe that Alzheimer's disease may be the result of one or all of the following: D. a slow virus or a biochemical imbalance in the brain E. an auto immune reaction (the body attacks itself) 3. Symptoms of Alzheimer's disease A. Usually a person with Alzheimer's disease becomes gradually more forgetful, and his or her personality and ability to think are also affected. It is important to remember that each person is affected differently by the disease so what happens in one person may not happen in another. B.