Deforestation: Causes, Effects and Solutions

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Deforestation is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non rural use. Examples of deforestation consist of conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use. Historically, a large portion of deforestation in Brazil is due to land clearing for pastureland by commercial and exploratory interests, unwise government policies, and commercial exploitation of forest resources. Between May 2000 and August 2006, Brazil lost nearly 150,000 square kilometers of forest, and since 1970, more than 600,000 square kilometers of the Amazon rainforest has been ruined. In addition, one of the major reasons is human settlement and the development of land. Large landowners clear huge sections of the Amazon for cattle land. Farmers seeking to build cattle ranches so the better grazed cattle meat will sell for a higher price to big companies in Europe, for example, McDonald’s (burger meat). One of the numerous reasons that the rate of deforestation differs is because of the economy. The decline in deforestation from 1988-1991 matched the economic slowdown during the period, while the fast rising rate of deforestation from 1993-1998 equalled Brazil's period of rapid economic growth. When the forest areas are cleared, it results in exposing the soil to the sun, making it very dry and eventually, infertile, because of the unstable nutrients like nitrogen being lost. In addition, when there’s rainfall, it washes away the rest of the nutrients, which flow with the rainwater into waterways.The local level is where deforestation has the most immediate effect. With forest loss, the local indigenous community loses the system that performed valuable but often underappreciated services like ensuring the regular flow of clean water and protecting the community from flood and drought. These people are very sustainable, and only use very little
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