Contemplation can help individuals engage into the issue for they can be aware of what's going on in their society. Making preparations of gathering information to help with lifestyle changes, and to reach the goals of having a positive impact on the society and environment. Taking action from the preparations can give the strength for motivation for a better outcome of life changes for the environment end the society. Having maintenance of the actions given can alternate the determinat of the individuals behavioral changes (2014, Katie Jewett). The ethical system is a set of principles of right conduct and it is a theory of moral values.
Families, along with their children, are the program” (Menza-Gonzalez, 2009). Educators who understand child development in perspective to family and community rely on competency to organize an early childhood program which incorporates effective developmentally approved practices which incorporate family and community into the “whole child” approach. “School readiness is, of course, a concern for everybody, but professionals with a child development back-ground often come at it from a different angle than some other professionals and families by recognizing that social-emotional development is vitally tied to cognitive development” (Menza-Gonzalez, 2009). Socially, a child learns to relate to family, peers, teachers and other members of the community through a range of human emotions, interactions, and transitions over the years of development. Emotionally, children
Nature in terms of health and social care defines as the qualities we are born with that makes us what we are. Nurture defines as how we are influenced as a child by the environment around us, including other people. Many scientists, philosophers and researches argue that individuals’ personalities and talents come from their DNA and many others argue that the majority of it is influenced by life experiences and the environment. There have been studies involving identical and fraternal twins to find out if it is the genetics (nature) or environment (nurture), which was the effective one on the case of personality development. Which side of the debate is more influential?
Ecological systems theory recognizes that both nature and nurture work together to form behavior. While ecological theory acknowledge that development takes place in a social context, they put forth that that process is about the interaction of an individual within her/ his specific environmental context. As ecological theorist, Urie Bronfenbrenner puts forth, the focus must be on the two-way interactions between parent and child and not simply focused on either a biological or child rearing causes of behavior. In the behaviorist model, behavior is shaped by positive or negative “reinforcers”, such as praise or attention, this feedback then forms a person’s behavior. Conversely, ecological systems theory sees that the process of development is a permeable one, and development occurs as the individual and his/her environment reciprocally interact.
Bandura believed that humans are able to learn through modeling. Modeling is an observational behavior and it is not purely imitation (Berger, 2011). Modeling allows children especially, to acquire new responses through observing others' behavior. A social model can be a parent, sibling, friend, or teacher, but particularly in childhood a model is someone of authority or higher status. The interaction of nature and nurture is clearly described in social learning theories.
Social learning theory is about behavior that is learned from the environment through observational learning which could not occur unless cognitive processes are at work. This theory suggests that "humans are active information processors and think about the relationship between their behavior and its consequences". Since this focus group consisted of parents with children, this theory was appropriate to utilize. Generally, children observe the people around them that are behaving in different ways and perceive them as models. Those influential models include parents within the family, TV characters/commercials , friends, and school teachers which provide examples of behavior.
Socialisation is the process of learning the accepted culture of the society in which we live in. There are two stages of socialisation -- primary and secondary. Primary socialisation takes place in the early years of a person’s life, where we mainly learn from the family -- our parents, siblings and further external family. These people have great influence upon the child, and are able to teach them and socialise them into social norms and values. Secondary socialisation then is the socialisation we receive in later life from a range of different socialising agencies, such as peer groups, education, mass media and the work place.
Assess the usefulness of functionalist theory to an understanding of society as a functional unit. Functionalism is a consensus theory, it sees society as based on agreement among people about values, goals and rules in society, the job of the family is primary socialization. The family introduces norms and values to children, who carry these on to later years, where they are reinforced by religion and education. These norms and values allow people to move up the social hierarchy. For example, children are taught to conform by the family and education, which allows them to conform to the rules of wider society and become aware of what, is socially acceptable.
It looks at the factors which end in us behaving in a given way and look at the conditions in which cause us to behave in that way. Social psychology looks at a wide range of social topics which include group behaviour, social perceptions, conformity, aggression and prejudice. When children learn they acquire their behaviour from their parents and other children, from a young age they learn from their parents how to behave in public, the correct use of manors and social norms. But on interaction with other children they learn how to share, society’s values which other children have picked up and how to behave in social situations. Also evolutional (inherited from parents) could have an effect on how a child behaves as in the child’s genetics it might be that they are susceptible to violence this means that the child may have more violent tendencies.
It is said that those who are better suited for a certain environment will be more like to breed and pass on these genes also known as natural selection. Through research, it suggests that our emotions are evolutionary as they are universal therefore we adapt