Crow Creek and the Crow Creek Massacre When people associate South Dakota and Native Americans, many will think of Sitting Bull or Crazy Horse. However, few have heard of the Crow Creek Reservation in southern part of South Dakota, and even fewer people have actually heard of the massacre that took place there over several years ago. Just as a quick overview of Crow Creek, it is located in southern South Dakota, and at one time the reservation extended from the western border of the Big Horn Mountains to the eastern border of Minnesota, and from the northern border of Canada to the southern border of the Platte River [5]. The Crow Creek Reservation now extends across South Dakota about four-hundred miles in the three major counties of Hyde, Buffalo, and Hughes [5]. The reservation is home to 3,000 enrolled members, and its tribal headquarters is Fort Thompson, which is located just south of Pierre, South Dakota in Buffalo County, South Dakota [5].
For example, during the French and Indian War, British commander and chief Jeffery Amherst suggested using smallpox to wipe out the Native Americans (D'Errico, 2010). When these new disease were introduced, the shaman or medicine men were baffled and unable to heal the ailments. As a result of the natives’ shaman being unable to cure their people of these diseases, the natives began not to believe in their healing powers. However, many of the indigenous that did not fall to disease, were captured for slavery. Many people believe that slavery of the Native Americans was a result of the Europeans colonizing the New World, but it was not.
The settlers quickly hunted and killed off all the large and smaller game that was to be found on the tiny peninsula. The low, marshy area was infested with malaria-carrying mosquitoes and other airborne pests. The only source of water for the area was not a good source of drinking water for more reasons than one; mainly because of the high content of salt and the bugs that were infested within it. The settlers who came over on the initial three ships were not well-equipped for the life they found in Jamestown. There were a little over one hundred men to come over that helped establish Jamestown.
Soon the Native Americans began participating in the fur trade across the seas trading fur for other substances. When western settlers hunted buffalo killing them off, native life started to fail. Native American did not know how to survive. The whites had destroyed the living way if Natives by killing off the buffalo. Native Americans were forced to apply the American culture when western settlers had moved on to their land.
• Major Mitchell’s wagon tracks puzzled the Jaadwa tribe who apparently had never seen anything like it before. • The Europeans at first sight appeared to be Spirits of the dead because they were pale and the Aborigines knew that a corpse turns pale after a while. After a while though, disagreements formed between the Aborigines and the Europeans and the Aborigines claim that the Europeans were able to fire lightning from their
There was also an issue that the Dawes Act was to promise US citizenship to all Native Americans. But this was not so; they wanted to take the Indian children and “kill the Indian in him and save the man”. However in 1924 the Citizenship Act was put into place to grant all Native Americans US Citizenship. This was to be a good thing or so they thought. Indians still lived in poverty, inadequate housing and had poor health.
The Spanish also brought cattle, sheep, oxen, pigs, goats, donkeys, mules, and chickens to the continent (Davidson, Gienapp, Heyman, Lytle, & Stoff, 2006). Exposure to European diseases like small pox, influenza, typhus, and measles devastated entire villages as the Aztecs had no immunity to fight these diseases. The Aztecs were quick to learn the fighting ways of the Spanish. They almost had victory over the Spanish however, the raging spread of diseases were the downfall of the Aztecs (Aztec-History.com, 2011). The North American continent has been host to many diverse cultures.
The Comanche emerged as a distinct group shortly before 1700, when they broke off from the Shoshone people[11] living along the upper Platte River in Wyoming. This coincided with their acquisition of the horse, which allowed them greater mobility in their search for better hunting grounds. Their original migration took them to the southern Great Plains, into a sweep of territory extending from the Arkansas River to central Texas. During that time, their population increased dramatically because of the abundance of buffalo, an influx of Shoshone migrants, and the adoption of significant numbers of women and children taken captive from rival groups. The Comanche never formed a single cohesive tribal unit but were divided into almost a dozen
In Document A, Santana, Chief of the Kiowas, describes the destruction of timber and killing of buffaloes by soldiers who sit in camps where his people have lived for generations. In Document D it explains the scarcity of buffalo on the frontier, the writer of this letter believes that there is an institution in place in the frontier which will collect a store of skins until the American bison are hunted into extinction. The buffalo was crucial to
They would give them items such as alcohol, guns, textiles, metal tools, and pots in return for the elite furs. As the demand for furs rose, they began to corrupt the nature of animals that the Indians followed. Unknowingly the French also killed many natives through illness; the goods that the French offered to the natives carried diseases and led to the death of many Indians because of their lack of immunity. The relationship between the Spanish colonists and the Indians was a callous one and only benefited the Spanish. In the 1500s, the Spanish arrived in the New World with the intent to convert natives to Catholicism, trade, and discover riches.