She became the first woman member in the Department of Ophthalmology at UCLA. In 1976, Bath co-founded the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. Bath invented the Laserphaco Probe, when the probe came out in1988 she became the first African-American female doctor to get a medical patent. Her idea was advanced it took about five years of research, and development. The probe improved on the surgery that was used to remove cataracts.
Decide to not return to medicine, she devoted herself to the prevention of birth defects through public education and fundraising for research. She became the director of the division of congenital defects at the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (now the March of Dimes) and received many honors and awards for her work. By 1973, a progressive liver disease was taking its toll on Apgar, though she continued to maintain as full a schedule as possible. She died on August 7, 1974, at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, where she had trained and then worked for over twenty years. Her legacy included the Apgar scoring method, now used in all hospitals worldwide, and her substantial contributions to the field of neonatology.
Joanne Alexander was scheduled to have a surgical procedure at Orthopaedics of Indianapolis with Dr Kevin Scheid M.D. Patients over the age of 60 are required to have a chest x-ray done before any surgical procedures due to possible anesthesia issues. Mrs. Alexander, age 62 was x-rayed on the 24th of June; the Radiologist reading her x-ray report noted a “density” in the right upper lobe of her right lung reported and sent a hard copy of the report to Dr. Sheids office which was placed in her file apparently without notice of the radiology recommendation of comparison with previous x-rays. The plaintiffs maintain that they were not told of any problems or irregularities on the June 24th x-ray. 10 months later, in the spring of 1994 distressing symptoms brought Mrs. Alexander to a different doctor.
Komen Foundation. This foundation is the result of a promise to end breast cancer. A promise made by one sister to the other, who was dying of breast cancer. Susan Komen died in 1980, and four years later her sister Nancy was diagnosed with the same form of cancer. Susan G. Komen is the ONLY organization that addresses breast cancer on multiple fronts such as research, community health, global outreach and public policy initiatives in order to make the biggest impact against this disease (Susan G. Komen Foundation, 2015).
Drew University of Medicine and Science before becoming the first woman on faculty at the Eye Institute. In 1978, Bath co-founded the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness, for which she served as president. In 1983, she became the head of a residency in her field at Charles R. Drew, the first woman ever to head such a department. In 1993, she retired from UCLA, which later elected her the first woman on its honorary staff. She served as a professor of Ophthalmology at Howard University's School of Medicine and as a professor of Telemedicine and Ophthalmology at St. Georges University.
It tells that our government is planning to teach people about this deadly disease. In 1970, an eight year old girl named Bilkisunnessa can see the symptoms of smallpox and called the world health organization (WHO). “ She reported the case to a local health worker, and she eventually collected a reward of sixty- to dollars from WHO- a fortune for a girl on Bhola Island”(Preston91). If an eight year old girl can tell the symptom about the smallpox, than if our generation got the right education about smallpox they would be prepared and ready for
Elizabeth Blackwell is the first women to attend medical school and obtain a medical degree. She also was the first fully accredited female doctor. She was born in Bristol, England, on February 3, 1821. She was the daughter of Samuel and Hannah Blackwell. Her sister is Emily Blackwell which was one of the first women doctors.
Dede Courage How it's Used in the Book: Virgilio Sinita Questions "Courage is not the absence of fear but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear. The brave may not live forever but the cautious do not live at all."
Maxine Smith: A Civil Rights Pioneer from Tennessee By: Dr. Donna Artrip Maxine Smith is a name that should be recognized and honored by all humanity (especially Memphians) for her contributions to the Civil Rights Movement. She was born in 1929 and graduated from Booker T. Washington High School at the young age of 15. She earned her Bachelor’s degree in Biology and a Master’s degree in French. However, she was denied admission to the Memphis State University graduate program in 1957 due to her race. Despite the obstacles, Maxine Smith was determined to change the laws and policies of segregation and discrimination.
African American Life in History Segregation in the world of Medicine helped to produce the Tuskegee Syphilis study. The study is an example of that segregation towards African Americans during the early to mid 1900s. As a result of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, many African Americans lost their lives due to the misconduct of doctors. To this date African American will not participate in clinical trials, due to the outcome of the Tuskegee Syphilis study. Dr. Vanessa Northington Gamble, a physician and, medical historian, also the author of the Tuskegee Lesson, spent time speaking with Mr. Herman Shaw one of the survivors of the study.