Lesher says, “Addiction is a brain disease expressed in the form of compulsive behavior.” As with most chronic diseases, addiction should also be treated with multiple recurring treatments since the brain chemistry of addicts often causes them to relapse into drug use. Lesher makes his case that addiction is a brain disease by stating that addicts cannot quit taking drugs on their own because they require medical treatment like most ill patients. The authors final opinion on addiction is that initial drug use is present due to the voluntary behavior of the addict and while it does not absolve the user of their responsibility as it was their fault, once they have developed an addiction, their brain has chemically changed so much that they can not will themselves to quit and must be treated as though they have a medical disease. NO: Alva Noe states that addiction is not a disease of the brain. First, he points that not all addictions are chemical substances and there are many activities that can be addictive to people.
In debates between trait theorists vs. social-cognitive theorists, it is argued that above traits, situations are more important in determining a personality than traits. According to Albert Bandura; internal, environmental, and behavioral variables interact to influence personality as displayed by model of reciprocal determinism. Because social cognitive theory is so broad, it has been criticized for lacking any one unifying principle or structure. Social cognitive theory largely ignores the influence of hormones on one's behavior. Hormones can affect one's decision- making abilities and therefore change one's
They both studied different ideas, and preached different views about how our mind functioned. While Maslow focused on the humanistic aspect of our personality, Jung focused on the psychoanalytic aspect. However, they were both inspired by two great people. Carl Jung was deeply influenced by Sigmund Freud who happens to be the father of psychoanalysis. Though he dismissed Freudian theory that stated that human personality was defined by their sexual drive and desires, he established that we have 2 states of unconscious.
His argument had effect the classification system, in DSM-IV the new identity are given to those patients so they would be accept by the society. However, there are still ethical concerns since the patients are still labeled as “abnormal”, even though they behave normal. Scheff argued that giving people labels would probably effect their behavior by self fulfilling prophecy, which means, people would behave in ways they think they are. They would automatically play the role of mentally disorder and show more obvious symptoms by knowing that they are mentally ill. Doherty argued that people who do not accept their labels are tend to improve faster, which means people who accept the labels did not improve as fast. In a study carried out by Langer and Abelson, it shows that people who are labeled as mentally dis order tend to endure discrimination.
Grant it that the drug corrects the issue at the moment, but what about later in life? All medicine has some kind of effect at the end of all the good that it does. On the other side of the aisle are the Church of Scientology and school board members like Denver’s Patti Johnson. Both believe that children are being over medicated, perhaps for a non-existent disorder. Unfortunately, it is the parents, guardians, and the children who are caught in-between.
Personalised affirmation will be more specifically tailored to the problem at hand and consequently be more effective using standard scripts as anything more than a template for a therapist to expand on and adapt would be providing a less than satisfactory treatment plan for the client, as it may not help them. Many people still have negative believe about hypnosis, they believe that when you mentioned hypnosis therapy, they look at you with a strange eye because they believed hypnosis is all about con people in doing what they do want to do and that believe is against the ideal of hypnosis which give you the believe that you yourself have the answer to your
If these needs are not satisfied right away, then the result is a state of tension and anxiety. In reality, immediately satisfying our needs or wants is not even possible. If we were ruled by the pleasure principle, we would find ourselves doing things we might not normally do just to satisfy our own wants which could be disruptive and unacceptable. In Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality, the primary process works to resolve the tension that is created by the pleasure principle. The primary process acts as the id’s defense mechanism discharging any tension created by the pleasure principle.
It leaves the patient fairly lethargic, and sometimes can even heighten the original symptoms. These medications almost seem to sedate the patient rather than treat them. Although medical professionals tend to rely on these, stating their effectiveness, I beg to differ. I do not feel that rendering a patient almost emotionless would be a preferred treatment. It seems to me as though these medications are used as a last-ditch
Often, the disorder goes away on its own. The outlook, therefore, is quite good. Without treatment to work out the underlying problem, additional fugue episodes can occur. Although it might not be possible to prevent dissociative fugue, it might be helpful to begin treatment in people as soon as they begin to have symptoms. Further, quick intervention following a traumatic event or emotionally distressing experience might help reduce the risk of developing dissociative
Negative punishment weakens a response by reducing or removing something pleasant (Stangor). Negative punishment occurs when something wanted is taken away as consequences of a certain behavior. Over a period of time this could decrease the frequency of the unwanted behavior. Negative punishment is an attempt to decrease the unwanted behavior from occurring in the future, an operant response is followed by the removal of an appetitive stimulus. An example of negative punishment is when a child talks back to a parent, the child may lose the privilege of watching their favorite television show.