Conservation of Mangroves

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Mangroves are salt tolerant plant communities occurring in sheltered coastline areas s as bays, estuaries, lagoons and creeks. They consist of swamp forestland within and its war spread areas. They stabilize the share line and act as a barrier against the encroachment of land area by sea. It is estimated that the total area of Mangroves in India is 6740 sq.km. Having about 59 species and 41 genera belonging to different families mangroves are distributed in nine stat of which Sunder bans of West Bengal (4200 sq.km.) and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (11 sq.km.) cover the major portion of the Mangroves in India. It could be noted that forestland in the Mangroves is sued for agriculture. Large tracts of mangroves are being cleared for agriculture, aquaculture, and industrial use, construction of harbours leading to degradation of mangroves. Further they are deteriorated in terms of silt in the form of terrestrial and alluvial sediment, crude oil and petroleum derivatives sewage pesticide industrial wastes. Hence, there is a need for specific to preserve and conserve mangroves. It should be based on the following considerations: (i) Identification of biodiversity status of different mangroves (ii) Preventing misuse of resources in mangroves by establishing appropriate control mechanisms (iii) Possible ways of protecting halophytic vegetation (iv) Protection and conservation of endangered species and scope to multiply their numbers (v) Control of tourism activities on mangrove vegetation (vi) Preservation of breeding characteristics of shallow water living organisms (vii) Educating indigenous people about the possible ways of preserving and conserving the mangrove environment (viii) Prevention of mushroom growth of shrimp culture in and around mangroves since they pollute mangrove environment. (ix) Advice on research and training on mangroves and related

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