However, even with all the differences, both empires managed to keep their territories protected, organized, and civilized. The political differences amongst Han China and Imperial Rome were based off their ways of life. In China, the idealistic philosophy on how to live was Confucianism; it is what kept order in the hierarchy. People in China followed this, thus keeping everyone doing what they were supposed to and maintaining balance. Because this philosophy was connected with divinity from nature, China managed to maintain stable control politically.
Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory. However like all ethical theories there are strengths and weaknesses of utilitarianism. The strengths of utilitarianism are that it is straightforward and based on the single principle of minimising pain and maximising pleasure and happiness. This system which aims to create a happier life for individuals and groups is attractive to many. As well as this it relates to actions which can be observed in the real world, for example giving to charity which promotes happiness for poor people and is seen to be good where as an act of cruelty is condemned as bad.
Recreations 17. Crafts and Hobbies 18. Social Problems Abstract South Korea is one of the most homogeneous countries in the world, in which it has its own culture, language, and customs that are different from other Asian countries. In South Korea, the citizens greatly value hard work, filial piety, and humility in their daily lives. South Koreans are very proud people in which they pride themselves in their traditional culture and their financial success.
Answer Key 1. In the opening paragraph, Bertrand Russell says, “The happy life is to an extraordinary extent the same as the good life.” What does he mean? Is this statement paradoxical? He means that by being a good person, doing good for other people and trying to make other people happy, you will also be happy. This statement is not paradoxical because we do not have to sacrifice ourselves to help others.
Confucius once said, “the strength of a nation derives from the integrity of the home.” To keep the integrity of a home a family must be honest, whole, and have an overall sense of unity. To the Chinese, to have a sense of unity means to come together as a family; to be whole. No sense of dishonesty, no secrets, and no disloyalty. A common pattern that is noticed when in a Chinese home would be that many objects are circular. Circles represent completeness; just as a family should be.
One of the most influential theories of society is functionalism. Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) was the founder of the Functionalist perspective, he saw society as being a harmonious, and well integrated system, which had a good balance between interrelated and interdependent parts. Functionalism emphasises the importance of moral consensus and this would help in the maintaining of a society as a positive and stable system. Functionalists often describe a similarity between society and the human body, with each organ having a function which contributes to the working of the greater whole (the heart pumps blood around the veins and arteries, the skin protects the body of external influence and so on). So too with society, where the organs might be the family, religion, education, work as a whole to make society successful.
Diversity of our society is not a weakness but it is our greatest strength. Let us embrace diversity rather than being afraid of it, we must protect it and encourage it. We as being part of the European, stable and dominant society should be known to be people with abundance mentality—an abundance of thinking not just of the self, but of others; an abundance of helping others succeed; an abundance of kindness and giving, and an abundance of gratitude. In this way, we can value the individual, affirm his worth, as well as value the collective and build a cohesive society. The more gracious, kind and giving our society is, the greater our sense of joy and well-being.
Need for achievement Confucian taught us “As to the benevolent man, he establishes for others stands he wishes for himself. He brings others to reach where he wishes to reach himself.” In another word, if we want to benefit others, we should benefit ourselves at first. If we want to help others be successful, we should become successful before them. It is very practical. Everyone likes the feeling of being needed.
Confucius talked about five important relationships and how they can mold the moral path for a person. Society would be a better and more stable place if everyone maintained a these relationships. The five relationships that Confucius said needed to be maintained were; father-son, elder bother-younger brother, husband-wife, elder-younger, and ruler-subject (Molly, 2010). Confucius also thought that all relationships in society needed to be maintained at a certain level and the level should be determined by oneself and the person they are in the relationship with. His teachings also told us that in order to maintain your role or status in society the five great relationships must be maintained.
Remember that in principle people want to be valued and considered important. If we even have to criticize or scold someone, do it with full respect for the dignity of that person. If we establish communication with the taste and mutual respect and honor, then we can build partnerships that generate synergies that will increase the effectiveness of our performance both as individuals and as a team overall. Even according to communications professor Dale Carnegie in his book How to Win Friends and Influence People, the biggest secret is one of the basic principles in dealing with people is to give honest and sincere appreciation. A very famous psychologist William James also said that "the deepest principle in human nature is the need to be appreciated."