However, an implicit assumption is that users need reasonable knowledge of business and financial accounting matters to understand the information contained in financial statements. This point is important. It means that financial statement pre- parers assume a level of competence
The first impact is skills development. In order to remain ethical and avoid instances of statutory illegality such as tax evasions, CGA's must have the knowledge, skills and ability to show a taxpayer where they can save on taxes, and provide advice about conducting financial affairs in a way which will limit tax liability. In the aforementioned case, if Mack's company had a proficient accountant, they may have been able to come up with other ways to reduce
Internal auditors guarantee that the internal controls are sufficient and calculate the company’s financial and information systems for accurateness. A series of audits such as financial statements, fraud, compliance, and operational can be made with the hiring of an internal auditor. The most beneficial audit for Whitfields Company would be an operational audit. Operational Audits can be done if upper-level management thinks that there is a need for operational improvements. It is a review of management and how operating procedures work.
The operational audit studies the specific parts of an organization with the purpose of measuring its performance. Performances are measured in terms of effectiveness and efficiency such as auditing shipping and receiving or the sales departments. The benefit of these types of audits can positively affect the profitability of the organization. The financial audits, which we are doing, consist of auditing financial statements. The purpose of the financial statement audit is to ensure the entity being audited is preparing the financial statements in conformance with General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).
Question 1: Auditors should not insist that their clients accept all proposed audit adjustments even though those that have an immaterial effect on the financial report. The auditors should be suspicious of any rejection of the clients and have to investigate deeper into the suspicious accounts. Moreover, auditors should not be careless even though they have close relationships with the clients and fear that they would lose potential auditing fees. Question 2: Materiality is a concept or convention within auditing and accounting relating to the importance/significance of an amount, transaction, or discrepancy. The objective of an audit of financial statements is to enable the auditor to express an opinion whether the financial statements are prepared, in all material respects, in conformity with an identified financial reporting framework of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
Reporting Practices and Ethics Paper Sharon Tucker HCS/405 May 13, 2013 Elizabeth Caissie Abstract The implementation of financial reporting and ethical standards are crucial for the growth and progression of an organization. Reporting fairly and accurate data will help control measurements that may address theft and/or fraud within the structure. Ethical standards are vital for the development in an organization’s set rules and policies in having quality in the services provided including integrity, values, and delivering effective outcomes in honesty. Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are set guidelines which indicate rules, regulations, and procedures that are implemented for the maintenance and/or monitoring records. An organization that provides a financial statement to the public, investors or government funding entities must follow the set standards developed by Financial Accounting standards Board (FASB).
This determines whether requirements for specific agreements are maintained to be in compliance with specific needs. This can minimize a costly error if not items are not followed to agreed upon measures. An example can me requirements established when a note was developed with a national bank. Lastly, the most widely known type of audit is of the financial statements, these are reviewed and compared to the Generally Accepted Account Procedures (GAAP). This allows outside investors and shareholders to maintain confidence in your company.
Auditing and Other Assurance Services Auditing is a systematic process of objectively obtaining and evaluating evidence regarding assertions about economic actions and events to ascertain the degree of correspondence between those assertions and established criteria and communicating the results to interested users. Our firm provides three types of audit: 1) Operational – stands for efficiency and effectiveness in payroll department; 2) Compliance –
Internal Controls XACC/280 October 7, 2012 Vaunda Davis Internal Controls Internal control is the process designed to ensure reliable financial reporting, effective and efficient operations, and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Internal Controls are needed to ensure the proper account of revenue under the guidelines of GAAP .These controls are aimed at ensuring compliance with revenue recognition guidelines and safeguarding assets against theft and unauthorized use, acquisition, or disposal is also part of internal control. There are six principles of internal controls. These control principles establish responsibility, using physical, mechanical, and electronic controls; segregate duties, and perform independent internal
Going concern principle: The rule that requires financial statements to reflect the assumption that the business will continue operating instead of being closed or sold, unless the evidence shows that it will not continue. Objectivity principle: The accounting guideline that requires financial statement information to be supported by independent , unbiased evidence rather than someone’s opinion; objectivity adds to the reliability, verifiability, and usefulness of accounting information. Cost principle: The accounting principle that requires financial statement information to be based on actual costs incurred in business transactions; it requires assets and services to be recorded initially at the cash or cash equivalent amount given in exchange. Revenue recognition principle: Provides guidance on when revenue should be reflected on the income statement; the rule states that revenue is recorded at the same time it is earned regardless of whether cash or another asset has been exchanged. Business Organizations Single proprietorship: A business owned by one individual, which is not organized as a corporation; also called a sole