Psychophysiology notes that “Self-serving attributions occur when negative personal outcomes are ascribed to external circumstances and when positive outcomes are ascribed to internal factors. Individuals strategically employ the self-serving bias to maintain and protect positive self-views. “(Page 511) Stereo Typing Brown, Rupert (2010). Prejudice: Its Social Psychology (2nd ed.). Stereotypes lead people to expect certain actions from members of social groups.
This movie shows us the different point of view of people in our society; it gives us an insight of the stereotypes that have built within our society and within the world. It invites us to see and understand how such a small stereotype and negative attitude can go a long way and affect people differently. In the movie Crash it is apparent that emotions run high in the tussle of racial and ethnic inequality such as frustration, aggression, and authoritative personalities, however the symbolic integrationist perspective present solutions to the problems of racial and ethnic inequality. According to Diana Kendall in Social Problems In a Diverse Society, the frustration-aggression hypothesis is “Individuals who are frustrated in their efforts to achieve a highly desired goal tend to develop a pattern of aggression toward others (51).” In other words, when people feel as though they are being prevented from achieving a goal, their frustration will usually turn into aggression. In the movie Crash, Farhad, the Iranian storeowner tried to live his best to pursue the American dream by running his own store.
There are four types of discrimination, the first is individual discrimination. Individual discrimination is the behaviour of one person to another or a group of people, the next is institutional discrimination; this is when discrimination is built into the way the institution is run. Next is overt discrimination, this is when an individual or institution knowingly treats someone unfairly on the bias of race, gender, etc. The last is covert discrimination, this discrimination in subtle, for example applying criteria that people will be unable to meet, this type can be intentional or unintentional. Discrimination can be seen in practise with stereotyping, labelling, disempowering, abusing, bullying, abuse of power, infringements of rights and over-riding individual’s rights.
Stereotypes could be a form of prejudice if they are negative generalizations. Discrimination is the act of excluding a group from some right, privilege, or service “based upon” prejudice and stereotyping. What are the causes of discrimination? Causes of discrimination can be many things it usually with race, sex, religion or even weight and I think it's a lot with how we are brought up if we are brought up in a family that discriminates people then usually we think that it's okay to do this or if you hang out with a group of kids that discriminate or make fun of others then you tend to do it to fit in your thinking that you are cool. To me there is really no reason for discrimination everyone should be treated equally and everyone should be treated the same and get the same right.
Running head: Prejudice, Stereotypes, and Discrimination 1 At some point in our lives we all have had the pleasure of experiencing prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. As stated in our text book, "Stereotypes are beliefs about the characteristics of a particular group or members of those groups. Prejudice describes our emotional experience. And discrimination is a negative behavior towards an individual or a group based on your beliefs and feelings about that group (Feenstra 2013)." Feenstra (2013) also states in our textbook: "That ingroups are groups that you might be a part of, and out groups are groups that you may not identify with."
When it comes to prejudice many situations are caused by stereotypes. Stereotype is when someone makes an assumption about a group because of their own thoughts on the group. Stereotypes either are positive or negative for example; “Women are warm-hearted” or “All teenagers are bad influences on society”. Stereotypes can lead to false beliefs and views; this can result in both decimation and prejudice. Society categorises individuals into groups based on age, sex and race, this relates to individuals mind set.
They argued that they stereotyped and expected black students to present behaviour such as threatening and challenging authority, which leaves the student feeling underestimated and picked on. This negative labelling and stereotyping could be the resulting reason as to why black students may be placed in lower sets. In addition to this, Bourne (1994) links stereotyping and
Prejudiced views between cultures may result in racism; in its extreme forms, racism may result in genocide, such as occurred in Germany with the Jews, in Rwanda between the Hutus and Tutsis and, more recently, in the former Yugoslavia between the Bosnians and Serbs. Henri Tajfel proposed that stereotyping is based on a normal cognitive process – the tendency to group things together. In doing so, we tend to exaggerate the differences between groups and the similarities of things in the same group. We categorize people in the same way. We see the group to which we belong (the in-group) as being different from the others (the out-group), and members of the same group as being more similar than they are.
Abnormal psychology is a portion of Psychology that involves the study of behaviors that “seem” unusual or inappropriate by society's standards. However, in some cases, these unusual and inappropriate behaviors may be certain disorders or dysfunctions. People with these disorders may not necessarily be able to control their “emotions, drives, or desires.” Dissociative disorders, Sexual disorders, and Schizophrenia delusions lie heavily among the long list of abnormal disorders in the study of psychology. In the next few paragraphs, a thorough explanation of the disorders mentioned above will be discussed. When a person has a dissociative disorders, it usually means that their memory has failed.
“Social groups create deviancy by making rules whose infraction (infringements) constitutes deviancy and by applying the label to particular people...” - Durkheim the leading functionalist blames it all on inadequate socialization by different social institution. - Feminists are of the opinion that deviancy is