Computerized Physician Order Entry

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Computerized Physician Order Entry CPOE or Computerized prescriber order entry, entails the prescriber's use of computer assistance to directly enter medical orders (e.g., laboratory, radiology, or medication) from a desktop computer or a mobile device such as a personal data assistant. CPOE systems offer real-time access to patient records and often offer clinical decision support. The benefits are that CPOE would eliminate illegible handwriting; avoid transcription errors; improve response time, accuracy, and completeness; and improve coordination and continuity of care. In addition, decision-support systems help prescribers avoid errors by alerting them to improper doses, allergies, contraindications, drug duplication, drug-drug interactions, and other potential risks. Some CPOE systems are linked to the medication administration record, which helps to reduce administration errors. CPOE presents several possible disadvantages as well as dangers, by introducing new types of errors Prescriber and staff inexperience may cause slower entry of orders at first, use more staff time, and is slower than person-to-person communication in an emergency situation. Physician to nurse communication can worsen if each group works alone at their workstations. Automation causes a false sense of security, a misconception that when technology suggests a course of action, errors are avoided. Shortcut’s or default selections can override non-standard medication regimens for elderly or underweight patients, resulting in toxic doses. Frequent alerts and warnings can interrupt work flow, causing these messages to be ignored or overridden due to alert fatigue. CPOE and automated drug dispensing was identified as a cause of error by 84% of over 500 health care facilities participating in a surveillance system by the United States Pharmacopoeia. Some of the deficiencies of CPOE
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