Following, Marx ideas of socialism, the Social Democratic Party was set up in 1898. However, four years later in 1903 they spilt into 2 groups- the Bolsheviks (lead by Lenin) and the Mensheviks (lead by Martov). Lenin proposed that the party should be limited only to dedicated revolutionaries but Martov argued that membership should be open to anyone who accepted the party programme and was willing to follow the instructions of the party leaders. Lenin won the debate and his group was later called the Bolsheviks whilst Martov’s group was called the Mensheviks. This disagreement arose because of a profound difference in their beliefs of the role of the party.
On the other hand, these two supreme leaders had ideological differences, which were used during the time, when they were in power. We can say that Lenin was more a political theorist and ideologue, and believed in socialism as the only way to save the working class from bourgeoisie usage, they wanted that there be only one equal class. However, Stalin presented his socialism not only as being pure as Lenin, but as also the only acceptable variant of socialism. His ideology served an ulterior purpose of reinforcing his legitimacy and authority . Furthermore, “A Short Course” (book written by Stalin) was not just purely ideological work but a political justification as its last chapter dealt with the liquidation of his opponents.
However as the war progressed and more issues became apparent, the divide between the rich and the poor and the left and the right wing became vaster. Before the war had commenced liberals and socialists were aggravated with German democracy. Germany portrayed itself as a democratic state, however all the power belonged to the elite. Kaiser Wilhelm II even boasted that he had never read the constitution. Therefore Liberals wanted constitutional reform and more power to be given to the Reichstag.
In the end, Lenin's ideology won in the SDLP congress, and him and his group became known as the 'Bolsheviks' (men of the majority) and Trotsky's group become known as the 'Mensheviks' (men of the minority). While these two groups had effectively the same goals and aims, they treated each other as enemies due to the minor dispute on how to run the party. This weakened their overall threat, as their numbers were divided; and thus their potential power was halved. The Social Revolutionary Party (SRP) was a socialist political
Power and wealth should not be distributed equally in a society, this is why capitalism is a more effective system. It is against human nature for everyone to be equal, and people who worked harder than others should be rewarded accordingly. A classless society is not a realistic society. This would only work in a perfect society, and such society has never existed. In theory, communism may sound as an appealing form of government.
* He believed Germans belonged to the master race. (Aryan race) * He called the men who signed the Versailles Treaty traitors – November criminals * Hitler wanted to build a Third Reich and to expand Germany’s territories eastward to create living space lebensraum. * He wanted all Germans to be united in one country. Hitler comes to power After the 1st world war, Germany had a democratic government (Weimar republic). But Germans blamed it for signing the Versailles treaty and for hunger and unemployment.
During the years 1933-4 Hitler used both legal and violent means of power to consolidate his power, and used the economic collapse of 1931 as an opportunity to start to do so. The rise in unemployment, and the political confusion that followed during the next few years allowed the Nazi propaganda tool to work on the minds of the German people. The Nazi party offered the people of Germany what they wanted. Employment for all, strong leadership, they were anti-communists, traditional values were stressed in their ideas good roles for the youth of germany, they wanted to unite germany once more. Hindenburg did not want hitler in any role in the government.
Politics, religion, social organizations and pretty much every formal group in existence has some set of values that leans towards one of these social ideologies. Both Marx and Weber developed their ideologies whilst living through the industrial revolution, and therefore both witnessed key moments in the dawn of the modern western capitalism. For Marx, he saw the private ownership of manufacturing as ‘an evil that needed correcting’, In his arguments he emphasized that distribution of wealth and aristocracy were severely flawed between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat and built cases for greatly improving the standards for the ‘common’ worker. Whereas Weber had the idea that religion and capitalism are a necessary beginning to any social order. In comparing Marx and Weber there are some fundamental differences that have to be explored.
Labours industrial relations were mainly centred around the power of Trade Unions. The original socialist view was that Trade Unions should be powerful and protect the interests of workers. The Labour party was formed to represent the working classes, with this their main core support came from Trade Unions, with 94% of the Labour Representation Committee's affiliated membership in 1900 was from the unions, even until the 1990's they still had dominated 80% of the votes. The Third way policy, still has small amounts of this original ideology by protecting the individual workers' rights by law, however there is a limited role for the trade unions, which we can see Labour being influenced by a New Right policy. This can be seen when the Conservatives made legislation to restrict trade union power, however from 1997-2010 New labour did not do much to tackle
Body: The Nazi Volksgemeinschaft (people’s community) the base concept of Nazi society. Hitler claimed that Nazism was more than a political ideology; its aim was to deeply change German society. Nazism rejected socialism, liberalism and Christianity replacing it by the Volksgemeinschaft. The main goal of Volksgemeinschaft was to replace old German society characterized by the division of class, religion and politics and to create a society in which would bring people to work together. This was based on three key ideas: one pure race which was central in Nazi ideology, Nationalism: Hitler’s goal was to create a strong Empire (Reich), centered on the pure German race (Aryan) a territorial extensions conquering Poland, Ukraine and Russia.