Normally presenting at birth or developing early in life, mental retardation is a developmental disability that is marked by below-normal intelligence and limited daily living skills. Individuals with this type of disability mature at a below average rate and experience unusual difficulty in learning, which leads to considerable problems in adapting to everyday life. Categorized by timing, mental retardation can be caused by many factors before, during, and after the child is born. Genetic disorder such as Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and PKU are the three most common inborn causes. It cannot be denied that the daily choices a pregnant woman makes may affect the mental health of her fetus.
ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It has been recorded that it is unknown on what exactly causes ADHD, but it does say that genetics are partly a cause of it. The rate for boys and girls are 5.5% girls and 11.2% boys have ADHD (www.statisticbrain.com/attention-deficit-disorder-adhd-statistics). Experts say that ADHD has a strong genetic component; however they think that the neurotransmitters are different in an ADHD person (What Causes ADHD...). Studies say that it can occur if the mother did certain things while pregnant such as smoking or drinking.
Other psychiatric problems such as depression, Alzheimer’s, and dementia are not based on lab test either. Almost all of today’s known mental disorders would be eliminated and go untreated if we recognized diseases based solely on test done in a lab. However, recent studies think that have found the cause of ADHD. According to Health and Daily News “Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a real disease linked to changes in production of the brain chemical dopamine, two new reports suggest.” In the first report researchers found that a variation in the dopamine receptor gene may help cause the behavioral condition of ADHD. Lead researcher Dr. Phillip Shaw said, "If you have a certain variant of this gene, you have a greatly increased risk of having ADHD."
The onset of stuttering occurs usually during stressful situations in a child’s life. For many, certain life events are thought to "trigger" fluency difficulty. A drastic change in the family, criticism and embarrassment can start the whole journey of a person in becoming a stutterer. Those children will hold on to this speech disorder as a lifelong struggle. Perkins (1983, 1990, 1996) has discussed the possibility that “loss of control” is a key aspect in defining stuttering and that a “disfluency” becomes a stutterer when the child experiences lack of control.
Though they begin to trust in these reactions, they still are not officially attached. • From 6-8 until somewhere between 18-24month, infants enter into phase three also is known as the “clear-cut” attachment phase. During this time there should be evidence in the infant’s behavior of attachment to their primary care givers. This attachment is proved by the serration anxiety that is experienced by most infants this age, it seems that it is at its worst somewhere between 6 and 15 months. Just like adults, all infants react differently in different situations and this is no different, some infants do not experience separation anxiety while
Overmedication of today’s youth The overmedication of youth in today’s society is an overwhelming issue. Over sixty percent of children are on some type of long term prescription medication, Forty-one percent of which are under the age of 11. Some of these medications have severe and sometimes even fatal long term and short term side effects. Overmedicating today’s adolescents is a terrible epidemic that is sweeping the nation. A lot of parents today tend to consider their children “too energetic”, “Moody” or “Hyper” and therefore believe they are ADD, ADHD, or Bipolar even when they might not be.
Though they create anxiety in the dreamer, anxiety dreams also serve as a way for a person's ego to re-set. Causes: Anxiety dreams often from childhood trauma. A factor in this is the developing ego of the child. This is especially true of children about one year in age. At this age anxiety dreams occur because the child's ego can't integrate his or her daily experiences.
Children with ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, will face many obstacles in their lives. The characteristics of the disorder effect their every day lives to such a degree that they will have a difficult time in overall success. They will experience hyperactivity, inattentiveness, and impulsivity. The situations and conditions cause such great conflict between the children, families, and teachers that the conditions need careful evaluation for proper treatment. Over the past few years much question has arose about the proper diagnosis and treatment of children with ADHD.
All children occasionally react in this way on a bad day or if upset by a situation, and many teenagers go through troublesome times. But children with oppositional defiant disorder are like this all the time, making them very hard to deal with. Symptoms The key behavioural symptoms of ODD are negative, hostile and defiant behaviour. For ODD to be diagnosed, symptoms have to have been present for at least six months and involve four or more of the following: often loses temper often argues with adults often actively defies or refuses to comply with adults’ requests or rules often deliberately annoys people often blames others for his mistakes or misbehaviour often touchy or easily annoyed by others often angry and resentful often spiteful or vindictive. To be classified as ODD, the behaviour also has to have caused a significant degree of disturbance to home, social or school life.
Hence, it is understandable for parents to go insane and crazy when their children seem not to start talking at the age that others usually do. Research showed that about 15 to 20 percents of young children have some kind of communication disorders, especially among boys. It is very common for parents to get panic at this incident because in average a normal child can speak simple words and repeat what their parents say at the age of one. But there is nothing to worry about. The amount of communication between children and mom also determines how fast the children can start talking.