He suggested that at the centre of oceans, molten material would rise from the Earth’s mantle, causing new sea floor to be created, pushing the ocean floor. He also suggested that there were ocean trenches where old sea floor would then go back into the mantle, and molten. He found that these ocean trenches, the deepest parts of the ocean, were very near continental plates. Hess theorized that the action of the sea floor spreading caused continents to move apart and so this being evidence for continental drift, showing why it happened. The evidence of sea floor spreading was further supported by Vine and Drummond, who studied the magnetic pattern of the sea floor.
They respond quickly to a change in environment because they are such tiny organisms. They are often used to check the acidity of a chemical compound that may be found in water. One of the main types of zooplankton in freshwater temperate systems is Daphnia (Ziarek et al., 2011). Daphnia, also known as water fleas, are small crustaceans that live in fresh water. They serve as an important source of food for fish and other aquatic organisms.
Some species can also be found around mudflats and sand flats which are high in salinity. All animals face the need for osmoregulation in order to survive, such as N. succinea, which habituates in saline water. Osmoregulation is the method in which animals regulate their salt content internally by either water gain or water loss. (Campbell, 2008) An animal can maintain water and salt balance in two ways: one being an osmoconformer, in which the animal’s internal solute concentrations match that of the outside environment’s solute concentration (Campbell, 2008). These types of animals usually tend to live in a more stable environment because their internal body needs to match their external living environment.
The uplift was surrounded by an epicontinental sea where sediment accumulated in marine margins creating sandstones, siltstones and limestones throughout the Basin. Facies 1 in the carbonate unit consists of 4-34 cm beds of black micrite, matrix supported with less than 5-10% grains making it a mudstone; crystalized shell fragments are present, 2-4 mm bivalve bioclasts and sparse 3-5 cm rugose coral and crinoid fragments; horizontal inclined burrows are
Biology Excursion Question Using data collected on field trip and two named animals, explain the relationship between the distribution and abundance of these two organisms and the abiotic features of the rock platform. There is a close relationship between the abundance and the distribution of organisms living amongst the long reef platform. Abiotic features such as temperature range, salinity, Ph. levels, turbidity, water availability effect the distribution and abundance of aquatic sea creatures living in the area. Some of the organisms such as Tesseropora Roseas (Barnacles) and Knobbly Winks have different adaptations, which allow them to survive in these harsh conditions.
Inorganic ions are charged particles that do not contain carbon atoms bonded together. While organisms are mainly built from carbon-containing molecules, their functions rely on inorganic ions such as nitrate, hydrogen and calcium. This essay will detail some of the roles of specific ions and describe how animals, plants and bacteria use them. Productivity in an ecosystem in the soil is limited in part by the availability of fixed nitrogen in the soil. Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the roots of leguminous plants reduce atmospheric nitrogen to ammonium using ATP and reduced NAD.
Hydrologic Cycle The elements that combine to make water Hydrogen and oxygen are found in dust, grasses, and other stuff that formed Earth. The molten rock, called magma, which made up early Earth, contains water. Some water escaped from the magma and reaches the Atmosphere. As Earth cooled off, the water was able to settle on the surface and billions of liters later the oceans were formed. (5 points) |Score | | | 2.
Year 12 HSC Chemistry Notes (Conquering Chemistry) Module 1 – production of Materials Ethylene, polymers and ethanol * Fossil fuels – energy rich substances formed in the Earth’s crust under intense heat and pressure millions of years ago. Originally remains of marine organisms, they were converted into petroleum that is trapped near the Earth’s surface. Fossil fuels can be extracted and refined to provide energy, and the building blocks of crude oil can be used to create numerous materials for human use e.g. ethylene. * Petroleum – mixture of hydrocarbons, consists of liquid crude oil and gaseous natural petroleum gas.
Some are unicellular and some are multi cellular. Bacteria is a large group of single celled organisms that are found in every corner of the earth, be it land, air or water. Viruses are parasites which means they can cause harmful diseases such as small pox. (www.sciencedaily.com/articles/m/microorganism.htm) Algae are another diverse group of plants that may be unicellular or multi-cellular but are autotrophic. Diatoms are type of algae , found in toothpaste, they can be classified into two groups called centric and pennate.
This practice is common in the field of shale gas, tight gas, tight oil, and hard rock well extraction. Fractures provide a conductive path connecting a larger volume of the reservoir to the well. So-called