2.1 Find out an individual’s communication and language needs, wishes and preferences For example a home language defined by cultural variations, beliefs value, age gender or physical disabilities. It is essential to adjust the level of communication within the reach of the user. Based on the experiences of life, habits or styles of conduct, the form of communication should be modified to better fit the needs of the individual. For example having contact with a person advanced in years is certainly to avoid a language rich in terms of youth. 2.2 Demonstrate communication methods that meet an individual’s communication needs, wishes and preferences For
Not all events used in the research have been traumatic, some on considered normal events like the Presidential election of Obama or the resignation of Prime Minister Thatcher. Another fact that researchers have found that is another major role is the distance of the event, as well as the rehearsal of the details. Both factors are believed to be major contributors of the accuracy. Based on the stated research information flashbulb memories do decline with in a period of time. In one such study flashbulb memories were found to have declined over an 11 to 26 month interval.
The researchers stated that the participants in the intervention group reported a reduction in mobility difficulty at week 12. Was this result statistically significant, and if so at what probability? Yes, F(1, 22) = 9.619, p = 0.005 is statistically significant at p = 0.005. The level of significance for this study was set at α = 0.05, and since p is < this value, the study results are statistically significant. 4.
Support Networks in Cognitive Dissonance In “Then and Now: Creating a Self Through the Past,” author Susan Engel references a theory of “cognitive dissonance” by sociologist Irving Goffman. Engel writes, “Goffman described the ways in which we create different faces, or selves, in response to different social situations. [He] illustrates the ways in which people collude in helping [us] to maintain a given self, or self-presentation” (Engel p.198). This theory of people “colluding” to help with self-presentation is also demonstrated in Engel’s quote, “We draw upon memories as a source for the present […] this archeological work happens in the company of others, even when those others are representations in our mind” (Engel p.193). The autobiographical essay, “My Life as an Undocumented Immigrant,” authored by Jose Antonio Vargas will provide validity to this theory of colluding to help with self-presentation.
LSI Self Assessment GM 591: Keller Graduate School Part I: Personal Thinking Styles (primary, backup, limiting) My primary style of thinking and acting is the avoidance style. Human Synergistic International states that a person with the avoidance thinking style generally lays low when things get difficult and stressful. This type of person tends to avoid conflict and can have trouble making decisions. This type of person can also be non-committal due to the difficulty in making decisions. My 92 percentile score in this avoidance category means I scored higher than 92% of a group of 9,207 people that previously took this life styles inventory self evaluation.
(Kolb, 1984:41) states that ‘in the figurative aspects, perception and imagination correspond roughly to the apprehension process, and mental imaginary corresponds to the comprehension process. People are not all alike and so how they see the world in a way that makes the most sense to us as individuals. This is called perception, our perceptions shape what we believe, how we make decisions, and how we define what’s important. Our individual perception also determines our natural learning strengths, or learning style. Each individual has his or her own unique learning strengths and weaknesses.
The computational representational theory of the mind (CRUM) is a theory devised to model the complexities of the human mind in cognitive science. Human thought processes have been simplified by thinking about abstract thought processes in terms of concrete computational procedures (Thagard, 11). CRUM theory surmises that thinking is the result of the application of operations to mental representations (Thagard, 11). Recent literature suggests our emotions are intrinsically tied to cognitive processes (Dalgleish and Power, 1999). Emotions are influential factors that affect mental representations such as concepts, analogies and imagery in cognitive science.
Perception The Role Perception Plays in Decision Making Tracey Redmann Axia College of University of Phoenix Perception 2 What is perception? Before looking at the role perception plays in the decision making process one should have a clear understanding of what perception is. According to Oxford Reference Online Premium (2009), perception is: The faculty of acquiring sensory experience. Study of the processes by which we gather and interpret visual information is largely the province of social psychologists, who have identified several general principles (‘laws’) of perception, and also some effects upon it of (among other things) motivation and attention. The former includes the phenomenon of the ‘figure-ground contrast’; that is, how we perceive objects distinctly from their surroundings.
The view of learning as restructuring and replacing old beliefs implies that transition involves unlearning as much as it does learning. A further hypothesis suggests that instruction may need to recapitulate transitions in the history of science to help learners transit from their own naive theories. Conceptual recapitulation refers to a means of remediating learning problems by retracing instructionally what should have been naturally occurring developmental stages for an individual (Case, Sandieson, & Dennis, 1986). But it might fit the historical recapitulation hypothesis as well. There also seem to be qualitative shifts in the mental models needed by learners to understand more complex systems, for example, in such domains as electricity (Frederiksen & White, in press).
Transactional analysis Transactional analysis was founded by Eric Berne (1910-1970) it is idea that humans are social creatures and that a person is a multi-faceted being that changes when in contact with another person in their world. It is based on two notions, first that we have three parts or 'ego-states' to our 'personality which can be likened to Freud’s theory of the structure of the psyche (id, ego and superego), and secondly that these converse with one another in 'transactions' The ego states Parent- a state in which people behave, feel, and think in response to an unconscious mimicking of how their parents (or other parental figures) acted, or how they interpreted their parent's actions. For example, a person may shout at someone out of frustration because they learned from an influential figure in childhood the lesson that this seemed to be a way of relating that worked Adult- a state of the ego which is most like a computer processing information and making predictions absent of major emotions that could affect its operation. Learning to strengthen the Adult is a goal of TA. While a person is in the Adult ego state, he/she is directed towards an objective appraisal of reality.