Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital - QUESTIONS 1. Why is it important to estimate a firm’s cost of capital? What does it represent? Is the WACC set by investors or by managers? The cost of capital is rate of return required by a capital provider in exchange foregoing an investment in another project, assets or business with similar risk.
Based on this estimate, should Vodafone shareholders support the deal? What fraction of the synergies is appropriated by Vodafone shareholders and what fraction by Mannesmann shareholders? What is the present value of the expected synergies as shown in Exhibit 10? (Assume that the synergies related to revenues and costs grow at 4% annually past 2006, that savings from capital expenditures do not extend beyond 2006, and that the merger will not affect the firm’s level of working capital.) Use the average exchange rate of EUR/GBP=1.5789, and the Goldman Sachs WACC.
1. Cost of Capital Pratt and Grabowski (2010) defined cost of capital is the expected rate of return required by the managers in order to seeking additional funds for a particular investment. It measures the total costs to finance an investment through a combination of debt and equity taking into account different financial risks. There are several reasons why estimating the cost of capital is vital for the management of the company. First of all, cost of capital forces managers to reconsider the capital structure in order to discover the better approach to raise finances.
What are the annual projected free cash flows? What is the NPV of the project, assuming the firm was entirely equity financed? What discount rate is appropriate? The annual projected free cash flows and NPV are highlighted below. Assuming the project is entirely equity-financed, using the unlevered cost of capital (rA) as the discount rate would be appropriate.
Case Study: Nike 1. What is the WACC and why is it important to estimate a firm’s cost of capital? What does it represent? Is the WACC set by investors or by managers? The weighted average cost of capital is the maximum rate of return a firm must earn on its investment so that the market value of company's shares will not drop.
A 5 year Certificate of Deposit yielding 3% APY. b. A bond fund yielding 4%. c. An Income Mutual Fund earning 5%. d. A Growth Mutual Fund earning 12%.
In this case Bond Issuers look at outstanding bonds of comparable maturity and risk. The yields on such bonds are used to create the coupon rate essential for an exacting issue to initially sell at par. Bond issuers also basically ask possible purchasers what coupon rate would be necessary to attract them. The required return is what investors actually demand on the issue, and it will change through time. The difference between coupon rate and required return are equal only if the bond sells for exactly par.
REAL OPTIONS AND THEIR INCORPORATION WITHIN CAPITAL BUDGETING A real option is a form of derivative, similar to a forward contract, but with a couple of important differences. A real option infers the right, but not an obligation, to buy an underlying real asset. The holder of a real option will compare the market value of the asset in question, along with the agreed exchange value on the option and can then decide whether to exercise that option or tear it up. This flexibility can come at considerable cost, which we will examine in the next section. The process of capital budgeting focuses on the incremental increase in cash flows associated with an investment decision or investment project.
If anything affects these factors will result in affecting the demand. For example, if inflation is getting too high, interest rates will be increased to stabilize the economic growth in the economy. This is the result of having the economy already close to full capacity which means that a further increase in AD will mainly cause inflation. Demand side policies include monetary policy and Fiscal policy. Monetary policy are actions of central bank, currency board or other regulatory committee that determines the size and rate of growth of the money supply, which in turn affects interest rates.
Answer 'Capital Budgeting' Step into the shoes of a financial analyst. Discuss which steps of the capital budgeting process you would find the most challenging and state why. Discuss the pros and cons of applying different investment decision rules when faced with the choice of investing corporate funds. Provide two examples Capital Budgeting is a process of long range planning involving investment of funds in long term activities whose benefits are expected over series of years. For example, installing machinery, creating additional capacity to manufacture a part of the machinery which at present is purchased from outside.