Reactive patrol is when police organizations around the world respond to a situation which is either called in or brought to their attention. This type of patrol can be the result of a request of 911 emergency calls or perhaps a citizen flagging them down. Reactive patrol does have benefits to help fighting crime yet at times if a proactive stance was taken maybe a reactive patrol would not be in order. Proactive patrol is when a police organization will assign an officer to patrol a certain area in order to deter criminal activity from happening. Proactive patrol has been known to deter crime in areas where criminal activity is high.
It requires change from conventional too tough purposefully methods shared with better aptitude. This primarily led to the improvement of predictive policing in 1994 by NYPD. Conventional methods include casual patrolling which has limited ability to discover crime because patrolling entire location may not be feasible. This would involve additional police personnel and lot of time. Exact expectancy, timely targeted action and reduce resources for casual patrolling turns into achievable goals.
What would happen of policing agencies adopted only one of these patrol styles? Reactive patrol is when the police would respond only to calls for service in that area then after the intervention, they would leave the area rather quickly so the random patrol unit would resume their roles. In significant areas of crime changes, the random patrols would be beefed up in numbers to proactive patrols to facilitate security of the neighborhoods, therefore shortening the response time in catching crimes in progress. If the policing agencies decided to go with one or the other I believe that the proactive patrol would suffice better than the reactive patrol. This is because the response time in the reactive patrol may take significantly longer, whereas the proactive patrol would be shorter because they are already there.
Essentially, the police will base their use of assets in a manner to reduce crime by building ties within the community and having a presence in neighborhoods. This can be an effective method because many argue that seeing the police in an area a majority of the time deters criminals from acting in those areas. A downfall of the COP theory is that political influence can force a department to pool resources in an area where crime is not as prevalent in order to keep good relations with a major tax base. Often times the poorer neighborhoods do not feel as though they are receiving enough of a police presence. The contingency theory is based on the approach to achieve specific goals, such as crime control.
Assess the view that crime prevention is more successful when focused on explaining offences rather than offenders. (21) Differing views from sociologists state that the success of crime prevention can be explained either through explaining the offence or through an explanation of the offenders. Some sociologist would state that in order to prevent criminal activity need to understand where offences take place and why these areas and not others. As Brantingham states that every person retains a memorable cognitive map of the area that they live in. This is a map that is individual to the person where they will have routine routes of where they will walk/drive etc.
The ‘broken windows’ hypothesis suggests that maintaining order through the management of minor offenses is an essential function of public police (Wilson & Kelling, 1982). In their article, Wilson and Kelling argue that if minor instances of crime and disorderly behavior are not addressed, more serious forms of disorder and increased levels of crime will follow. “Disorder and crime are usually inextricably linked, in a kind of developmental sequence,” (Wilson & Kelling, 1982). This hypothesis was based on the findings from observations of foot patrol officers managing the occurrences of disorder on their beats, and led the authors to suggest that in order to combat crime, police must refocus their efforts on neighborhood disorder. The concept of ‘broken windows’ is appealing to police departments attempting to reduce crime and restore order in their communities.
Police brutality wouldn’t be an issue if we didn’t have to police our law enforcement officers. Policing our law enforcement officers is a challenge in itself, because who is responsible for this job, how are they going to police them, what actions are they going to take against them when they catch them and what are the penalties for
The purpose also is if law enforcement was to take the evidence it would not be used in the court of law unless issue or that person can be set free of all charges. Basically one wrong moved can make us lose a suspect of a horrible crime if we are not careful. Law enforcement just need to be cautious so they are doing their jobs correct, and setting a person free will get them into trouble (cjlf.org, 2011). When we are identifying the exclusionary rule it is a great rule to have so police have to stop and think. Police have to think before they search because it could cost them a lot if they just do what they want.
The fact that officers know that illegally obtained (but true) evidence will quite possibly be thrown out, and therefore dangerous criminals will be freed, will encourage them to follow the proper procedures. (Woodfin, 2009) In addition, there are already several exceptions to requiring a warrant, such as “stop-and-frisk”, airport and school searches, voluntary searches, and emergency situations (Scheb, 2008) While these arguments supported the continued use of the exclusionary rule, there are also many argue against its value to our criminal justice system. One of the most
The overall purpose and meaning of this article is to send the message that police officers can play a unique part in disrupting the disorder process. If police officers focus on less serious crime and disorder of a neighborhood then serious crimes like felonies will not be able to surface as much. This is because the community will participate more and become more social, and they will develop their own set of rules. A main section of this article that I want to point out is the idea that foot patrol decreases crime rate. In the article it states that police officers didn’t like the idea of foot patrol too much but because they did it relationships with the community was formed and people were less afraid to go outside.