Conclusion A. Compare and Contrast B. Improvements to Analyze C. Summarization of Both Theories Criminologist Attempt to Understand Criminal Behavior by Constructing Theories of Crime The study of criminology is one of the most important parts of the criminal justice field. Criminology is an” integrated approach to the study of the nature, extent, cause, and control of criminal behavior” (Siegel, 2010 ). The main objective of criminology is to find possible causes of crime and deviance; which will help in the decline of crime within society.
Research into disorderly behaviour has led to different theories analysing this particular quandary in society. This essay will firstly define the term disorderly behaviour and then go on to discuss the two accounts of disorderly behaviour by theorists Stuart Hall and Stanley Cohen. It will include a definition and examples of moral panic and explain a recent example of disorderly behaviour. This essay will lastly discuss how the two accounts of disorderly behaviour are similar and will also state differences between them . Disorderly behaviour can be defined as people causing distress and disruption to other people’s lives .
The Chicago school is a theory of deviance that attempts to explain the occurrence of deviant behaviour and crime in a social ecological paradigm (Abercrombie, Hill, & Turner, 2000, p. 383). It focuses on human behaviour as determined by social structures and physical environmental factors rather than genetic and personal characteristics. The application of Darwin’s notion of ecological interdependence is a key structural underpinning to the theory, which lead to the
Is this expected? Multiple regression analysis can be used to model property crime in United States. The regression model suggested is of the form. Crimes = b0+b1Pincome + b2Dropout +b3Pubaid+b4density+ b5Kids+ b6Prescip+ b7unemploy+ b8 Urban Here bi (i =0,1,..8) are known as the regression coefficients . They are estimated by the method of least squares.
Perspectives of Social Problems and Social Responsibility Within criminology there has been multiple theories suggested to explain the numerous motives behind why crime exists in our world. The two most central arguments surrounding criminal activity is whether the crime is the individuals fault, or if it is the fault of the society that they grew up in. These views are termed social responsibility and social problems, and will be discussed in this paper along with their respected perspectives that withhold why their view on criminology is the paramount reason on why criminals commit crimes. The view of social responsibilities approach to crime termed by Schmalleger essentially states that crime is an individual responsibility, and in terms of the criminal, victim, and justice system we all play a role within the social aspect of criminal behavior. Although he feels that this way of looking at crime is not fair to the victim or the justice system, but that the media over the years has influenced this way of thinking, giving the conception that certain conditions surrounding when, where, or how the crime took place may be the factor in why it happened in the first place.
There are three major types of Social Structure Theory; Social Disorganization, Strain Theory, and Culture Conflict Theory. The one that is going to be focused on is the Culture Conflict Theory. This theory “sees root cause of crime in a clash of values between variously socialized groups over what is acceptable or proper behavior” (Schmalleger, p. 153). “Senseless Hate Crime” discusses the fact that there were several social groups involved in this case. These different groups consisted of: the skin heads, the police department, the social group the victim belonged to, and the majority of the social society in the Jackson Heights neighborhoods.
Anomic theory is considered a sociological theory that tries to explain the pattern of crimes through macro level of analysis. Criminals commit crime on the basics that abnormal conditions and their surroundings cause them to have to act on it. There have been assumptions that poor commit more crimes than others. Based on several analysis crime are generally committed based on needs rather than wants. Anomie theory provides an explanation of the concentration of crime.
Pioneered by Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck, the developmental theory of crime, integrates sociological, psychological, and economic elements into more multifarious developmental views of crime causality. In an effort to produce a more holistic view of a criminal career, which incorporates its inception, prolongation, and dissolution, social scientist have established developmental theories. When applied specifically to intimate partner violence these theories can provide insight into the behavioral patterns of abusers. Intimate partner violence (IPV), according to the CDC, is “a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner.” This abuse can be physical, sexual, emotional, economic, or psychological actions or threats that influence the behavior of another person. Intimate partner violence is a serious problem particularly in the United States because on average, 24 people per minute are victims of rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner in the United States, which sums up to more than 12 million women and men over the course of a year.
He coined the term group dynamics to describe the way groups and individuals act and react to changing circumstances. William Schutz (1958, 1966) looked at interpersonal relations from the perspective of three dimensions: Inclusion, control, and affection. This became the basis for a theory of group behavior that see groups as resolving issues in each of these stages in order to be able to develop to the next stage. Conversely, a group may also devolve to an earlier stage if unable to resolve outstanding issues in a particular stage. Wilfred Bion (1961) studied group dynamics from a psychoanalytic perspective.
There are many fields that fit into this, one of these fields being criminal profiling. The Medical Dictionary (2012) states that criminal profiling is “a brief description of the personality of an individual”. Professionals expand on this by saying that it is “the act of developing a psychological profile of an offender based on the state of the crime scene” (What is Criminal Profiling, 2003). There has been many a debate about whether criminal profiling is a reliable and valid tool to use when trying to catch an offender. For something to be valid it has to assess what it is supposed to assess (Psychology for the VCE student, 2005), therefore personality profiling when in correlation with criminal profiling is a valid tool.