Forms of abuse which may be experienced by adults Types of abuse Abuse is mistreating another person by violating a person’s human and civil rights. The abuse can vary from treating someone with disrespect in a way which significantly affects the person's quality of life, to causing actual physical suffering. Abuse can happen to anyone, even in a healthcare setting such as, a residential or nursing home, a hospital, at a day care centre or an education environment, in supported housing or in the street. Vulnerable people are more at risk of being abused, such as people with learning, sensory or physical disability, older people who are more dependent on help from others. People with mental health problems or with dementia.
24. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 993 U.N.T.S. 3, art. 10(3). International traffic in child pornography, ICPO-Interpol AGN/65/RES/9 (1996). Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution, and child pornography, A/RES/54/263 (2000), Annex II.
Even forcing changes to inheritance and the will. -Institutional abuse The failure to provide appropriate and individual services to vulnerable people. Lack of stimulation, no flexibility, restriction and inappropriate use of rules custom and practice. -Self neglect This is a behavioural condition when the individual chooses to neglect their basic needs. This could be choosing not to wash, not eating correctly if at all, or even tending to medical needs.
•Financial abuse is the illegal or unauthorised use of a person’s property, money, pension book or other valuables. •Institutional abuse involves failure of an organisation to provide appropriate and professional individual services to vulnerable people. It can be seen or detected in processes, attitudes and behaviour that amount to discrimination through unwitting prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, stereotyping and rigid systems. •Self-neglect is a behavioural condition in which an individual neglects to attend to their basic needs, such as personal hygiene, appropriate clothing, feeding, or tending appropriately to any medical conditions they have. •Neglect is a passive form of abuse in which the perpetrator is responsible to provide care, for someone, who is unable to care for oneself, but fails to provide adequate care to meet their needs.
• Patterns of challenge behaviour. • Restricted access to toilet or bathroom. • Failure to ensure appropriate privacy or personal dignity. Self Neglect is a behavioural condition in which an individual neglects to attend to basic needs such as personal hygiene, appropriate clothing, feeding or tending to appropriately to any medical condition they have. It also refers to situations in which there is no perpetrator and neglect is the result of the individual refusing care.
• They did not respond appropriately to allegations of abuse. • They did not have arrangements in place to protect the people against unlawful or excessive use of restraint. • They did not operate
Emotional/psychological abuse: This can run alongside other forms of abuse or on its own and causes a person distress emotionally by shouting swearing ignoring a person or even threatening bullying and harassment, some signs could be fear of raised voices, the person could be reluctant to be alone with the alleged abuser. Financial abuse: is stealing, exploiting another person’s money or anything else that affects someone financially e.g. misuse of property or possessions. Financial abuse can be indicated by very few or no personal possessions, money or possessions going missing, shortage of money, someone not being allowed to manage their own finances or not being made aware of changes. Institutional abuse: is when a person has no choices offered to them are confined to a certain room or place, not being able to go out, being told what to do, only being allowed to eat, drink, use bathroom at certain times, or told when to go to bed.
Neglect by others would be not providing healthcare, nourishment, leaving in an unsafe environment and not assisting or encouraging hygiene. 1.2 Identify the signs and/or symptoms associated with each type of abuse Physical abuse – fractures, sprains, bruising, scalds, burns, anxiety or fear and distress in the presence of a possible abuser. Sexual abuse – changes in behavior, difficulty in walking or sitting, torn, bloody or stained underwear, pain or itching in the genital area, bruising around the genitals, finger bruising on arms or legs or both. Emotional or psychological abuse – fear, depression, confusion, weight loss, low self esteem, crying, anxiety and lack of trust. Financial abuse – not enough money for bills or to buy basic necessities, missing belongings, inadequate heating, lighting or food, hypothermia, unexplained debts.
They may include: • People with a mental health problem or mental illness ( including dementia ) • People with a physical disability • People with a sensory impairment • People with a learning disability • People who are frail and/or experiencing a temporary illness What is abuse? Abuse can be: • Any act or neglect that harms another person • Something that occurs just once or something repeated many times • Done intentionally to cause harm, or done accidentally through a lack of understanding • A criminal act. Types of abuse • Physical abuse includes hitting, slapping, pushing, kicking, shaking, inappropriate sanctions, misuse of medication or misuse of restraint. It may be caused when a parent or carer makes up symptoms of, or induces, illness. • Neglect involves the constant failure to meet a vulnerable person’s basic physical and/or psychological needs, likely to result in the serious health consequences.
Self-neglect generally manifests itself in an older person as a refusal or failure to provide himself/herself with adequate food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medication (when indicated), and safety precautions unwilling to accept support from people and unwilling to see friends or family or go out. Signs and symptoms of self-neglect include dehydration, malnutrition, untreated or improperly attended medical conditions, and poor personal hygiene hazardous or unsafe living conditions/arrangements (e.g. improper wiring, no indoor plumbing, no heat, no running water) unsanitary or unclean living quarters (e.g. animal/insect infestation, no functioning toilet, fecal/urine smell) inappropriate and/or inadequate clothing, lack of the necessary medical aids (e.g., eyeglasses, hearing aids, dentures) and grossly inadequate housing or homelessness. Neglect by others: Not assisting with eating when required, not ensuring receiving personal care or adequately clothed refusal or failure to provide an any person with such life necessities as food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, comfort, personal safety, and other essentials included , leaving individual alone, not assisting individual with communication and mobility needs, Not maintaining clean and safe and secure environment, failing to obtain necessary medical help, not supporting social