TDA 2.5 Schools as Organisations 1.1 Identify the main types of state and independent schools The main types of state and independent schools are; * Nursery Schools * Primary Schools * Secondary Schools * Community Schools * Specialists Schools * Free Schools * Academies * Church Schools * Private Schools 1.2 Describe the characteristics of the different types of schools in relation to educational stage(s) and school governance. * Nursery Schools have their own head teacher and staff and cater for children aged 3 and 4. They usually attend for 2 to 4 hours per day on 3 or 5 days a week. The children learn from a mix of curriculum based activities and social experience. Some nursery schools are state funded although some can be privately run.
Within the agenda of Very Child Matters and the Childcare Act 2006, it became a right of all 3-4 year old children to receive a free part-time early years education of up to twelve and a half hours for 38 weeks of the year. The government funds local authorities to ensure that every child receives up to two years of free education before they reach school starting age. Parents do not need to contribute to this, however if there child has more than the hours that are free, they will be charged for the extra hours the child receives. Early year’s provision in schools is about supporting the younger child. It is differing from Key Stage 1 in each country within the UK (Scotland and Northern Ireland) and is based on the concept of learning through play rather than through formal learning.
Even though this education is readily available for all children it is not compulsory to send your child until they reach the age of 5. Compulsory school age begins at the start of the term following their 5th birthday and most authorities offer places in reception classes after their 4th birthday. Children can leave school on the last Friday in June of the school year they turn 16. The local authority has a duty to offer all children a place who are of compulsory school age. The parents also have the duty to make sure their child/children receive an education during the compulsory school years.
* Nursery schools: Provide early learning and childcare for children between three and five years old. They are often based at Sure Start Children’s Centres or linked to a primary school. * Childminders. Look after children under 12 in their own homes. They can look after up to six children under eight years old, although no more than three of them can be under the age of five.
Government funds ensures that every child receives up to 2 years of free education, before reaching school age. This early year provision in school supports very young children and is based on the concept of learning through play rather than formal education, as play has shown to be an important part for children’s early learning. Under the National Curriculum there are 4 Key Stages to education, starting with Foundation.The curriculum for Solihull(EYFS) 2012 includes ‘Understand the world Development’,`Personal,Social and Emotional Development’, ‘Physical Development’, ‘Maths, Literacy, ‘Communication and Language ‘and ‘Expressive Arts and Designs.’ The next Key Stage is Key Stage 1, which includes years 1 and 2(Age 5 and 6 Years), then children would move up to Key Stage 2(Years 3, 4, 5, and 6) for children aged 7 to 11. Children or young people would then move on to secondary education, Key Stage 3 which includes children from the age of 11 to 14 years old. Key Stage 4 includes children from the age of 14 to 16 years old.
Some 2-year-olds are also eligible. The government funds local authorities to make sure all children get up to two years of free education before they reach school age. Any additional hours a child receives would have to be paid for by their parents or guardians. The free early education and childcare can be at: • nursery schools • nurseries on school sites • nursery classes in schools and academies • children’s centres • day nurseries • some playgroups and pre-school • child-minders • Sure Start Children’s Centres Some 2-year-olds in England can also get free early education and childcare. To qualify for this, the child’s parents must be receiving one of a number of state benefits, including Income Support and Job Seekers Allowance.
1.2. Describe the characteristics of the different types of schools in relation to educational stage(s) and school governance. Nursery Schools are funded by the state or independently depending on the type of nursery and at what age the child will attend. All children aged between three and four years old are entitled to a free placement at a government funded nursery. Many nurseries are now located on site a primary or community school to help the transition between foundation stages 1 and 2 easier for the children.
It is a responsibility of the government to fund these local authorities to provide this service to children. Parents don’t need to pay for this at all, There are different types of childcare options available for early years, these include: Sure Start Children’s Centre: Working with parents right from the birth of their child, providing early years education for children, full day care, short-term care, health and family support, parenting advice as well as training and employment advice. Nursery schools:
CU1536 – Professional practice in early year’s settings. 1.1 - There are many different types of childcare provision, these include: Mother and toddler groups- a place where the toddler can socialise with other children their age, whilst the mother or father can stay and learn more ways to look after and help with the child’s development. Pre-school- pre-school is a private nursery, one that is paid for by the parent, they do not do compulsory hours and the child doesn’t have a primary school place already. Some children can go to a school nursery in the morning and then go to a private nursery in the afternoon. Day care- a day care is for children from the age of 3 months to 5 years, they have different classes for children of different ages and the parents can drop of the child and pick them up when they wish.
Childminders: Look after children under 12 in the childminders own home. They can look after up to six children under eight years old, although no more than three of them must be under the age of five. Nannies and home-based carers: Provide care for children in your home and can look after children of any age. Since 2004 all children in the UK aged three and four years old have been entitled to free places at nursery or another preschool setting (including childminders). From 1st September 2010 the Government extended these hours from 12.5 to 15 hours for up to 38 weeks of the year.