The King tried implementing several policies to increase the food supply, such as price controls on livestock and restrictions on the production of ales and other products made from the limited supply of grain. None of these policies worked, because there simply was just not enough food (32). People hoped the harvest of 1315 would be the end of it, but heavy rainfall in 1316 continued the hunger. The shortage of food became so severe that paupers were forced to eat dead bodies of cattle to survive. People from Northern France are rumored to
The general size of Russia meant that most of it was uninhabited due to the poor infrastructure and travel availability, which was restricted due to the roads being mainly dirt which, in bad weather (which was generally most of the Russian climate), the roads would turn to mud and make them completely undrivable. This would mean that keeping in contact with the thousands of state governments and such would be almost impossible, as there would be next to no communication, and if there was, it would arrive weeks late, creating confusion and little advancements. Also, three quarters of the Russian population were peasants, who owned small plots of land, which could be traded and bought by other landowners. However, these were eventually freed, and each owner got a small plot of land and in return, had to pay an amount of money to the government, which meant a lot of small farms were in debt. This meant that the Russian agriculture was poor and the remaining farms used outdated methods and had no advancements for a while, due to illiteracy and such.
With 90% of the country being illiterate, there was no way for the country to industrialize (which would also go on to effect their economy), without people being able to read or write, it became even more difficult for the country to move forward. The economy became weak very quickly because of the growth in population (keeping in mind that the amount of people who were uneducated was still 90%), they relied too much on their primary source of income which was agriculture, this resulted in the land developing crops less as they were constantly taken at every chance possible therefore making the land weaker (and a weaker land meant a weaker income). Another factor that also had an effect on the
Millions of acres of farmland became useless and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to leave their homes and migrated to California and to other states. Owning no land, many migrant workers traveled from farm to farm to pick fruit and other crops at starvation wages (Hornbeck, pg16-18). During The Early European and American Exploration of the Great Plains, the region in which the Dust Bowl occurred was thought unsuitable for European-style agricultural endeavors were primarily cattle ranching with some cultivation, however a series of harsh winters beginning in 1886, followed by a short drought in 1890 which led to an expansion of land under cultivation (Egan pg20-22). It was an important determinant of The Great Depression because throughout the 1930’s more than a million acres of land were affected by The Dust Bowl, thousands of farmers lost their livelihood, property, and mass migration patterns began to emerge, farmers left rural American in search of work in urban areas (Haberler, pg 70-72), During The Great Depression, severe drought conditions prevailed much of The United States plains soil turned to dust and large dark clouds could be seen across the horizon in Texas. Nebraska, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado and New Mexico.
They had very few rights, as most did not own land and they were forbidden to hunt. These people also had very little exposure to art, music, and culture. Religion was dominant and explains everything. There was a mal-distribution of wealth, as the commoners had very little due to the high taxation. When they were not busy working on farms, they were busy attending religious ceremonies.
Therefore, because people were so undernourished they had many diseases which became epidemics. Many people weren’t having enough vitamin c therefore resulting in them having scurvy, other diseases became epidemics; influenza, small pox and syphilis due to poor living conditions. Also, due to poor conditions the infant mortality rate was high and many children did not make it to their fifteenth birthday while life expectancy for adults was mid-thirties. Poor people died so young because their living conditions were terrible. They lived in their own filth and waste because there were no sewers or drainage to take it away, even when they threw it out of the house it would drain into the nearby rivers.
The lack of education is one of the most significant factors that contributes to poverty. There is no access to jobs for non-educated people. The second cause of poverty has to do with geography. For example, statistics show that people who live in rural areas far away from the cities are poorer. This is caused by the lack of communication and transportation in remote rural areas.
The system of land distribution was unfair and most peasants received 4% less land than they had rented before, many received much less. In reality they had less land than when they were serfs. This was seen as unfair as they believed that, because they had worked the land for generations, it should now belong to them. The Mir still restricted peasants’ movements and as consolidation and enlargement of property was difficult, there was little incentive to improve the land and adopt modern methods, resulting in a decline in productivity The huge redemption taxes also meant that the peasants had to sell many of the crops they needed to eat and the Mir kept the peasants tied to their commune and still controlled by rules. Peasants felt disappointed and disillusioned and many rioted.
The town is portrayed through the words of Scout Finch as a small, sleepy town, in which “a day was twenty-four hours long but seemed longer.” Due to the Great Depression, the people of Maycomb, even the well-off citizens like Atticus Finch, are all very poor and the exaggerated length of the days appears to owe to the fact that “there was no hurry, for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with, nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County.” The poorer citizens have to rely on trading with farming supplies and livestock as they, already indigent, were so further crippled by the depression that they have no real money to spend. This is more deeply explored on Scout’s first day of school, in which a boy named Walter Cunningham is offered a quarter by the teacher to buy lunch but refuses because the Cunninghams “never took anything they [couldn’t] pay back”, including money. From Scout’s various descriptions telling of Maycomb to be “a tired old town”, along with the situations and behaviours of its residents, it is clear to the reader that the district is suffering at the hands of the depression and is not a particularly thriving place in terms of modernisation or cultural development. It is a fairly basic town without basic attributes such as paved roads, instead featuring dirt paths which turned to “red slop” after rain, and the townspeople’s traditional
It was an acute and highly infectious disease and the fatality rate for this unexposed population was often high. 2.Malnutrition Indigenous people also suffered from malnutrition. They lost the traditional lifestyle and their diets were altered due to the European’s growing settlement. Tress and plants were destroyed,waterways were dirtied, and the large animals escaped. The land was no longer able for them to hunt and gather food and they couldn’t to the new food such as sugar and flour.