Chapter 4-2 The Cold War Outline

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4-2: The Cold War (1946-1991) I. The Cold War Unfolds A. Rival Post-War Alliances 1. NATO ~ the North Atlantic Treaty Organization a) US led alliance of Western European Powers. - Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, and the United Kingdom were original members. 2. The Warsaw Pact a) Soviet led alliance of Eastern European nations. 3. The Berlin Wall a) After the war, in occupied Germany, Berlin was split in two separate country, a democratic West Germany and a communist East Germany. - East German gov’t built a wall that separated the 2 sectors of Berlin. * meant to stop its citizens from fleeing to the more prosperous West II. Cold War Events A. The…show more content…
3. regarded as the one moment when the Cold War came closest to escalating into a nuclear war. E. The Soviet War in Afghanistan 1. a ten year war between the Soviet forces and anti-government insurgents which were fighting to depose Afghanistan's Marxist government. 2. The Soviet Union supported the government while the insurgents found support from a variety of sources including the United States, and Pakistan. 3. Ended by the Geneva Accords. a) included five major documents: (1) called for U.S. and Soviet non-interference in the internal affairs of Pakistan and Afghanistan. (2) the right of refugees to return to Afghanistan without fear of persecution or harassment. (3) most importantly, a timetable that ensured full Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan by February 15, 1989. 4. The Mujahedin a) a plural form of mujahid which literally means “struggler", someone who engages in jihad, or "struggle“. b) significantly financed, armed, and trained by the United States (the Carter and Reagan administrations), China, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia. c) many modern terrorists are former members/supporters, including Osama bin
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