The breast-feeding group believed breast-feeding is better for the baby, helps with infant bonding, and protects the infant from disease. The breast-feeding group was also more likely to want their partner to breast-feed and to have respect for breast-feeding women. Those in the formula feeding group were more likely to think breast-feeding is bad for breasts, makes breasts ugly, and interferes with sex. The majority of both groups agreed breast-feeding was not acceptable in public. The article is useful in bringing to light that more effort should be put into the involvement of father’s on breastfeeding education courses, so the decision to breast or formula feed can be thoughtfully made based on evidential facts.
Maternal periodontal infection may pose a possible risk factor for preterm deliveries, low birth weight babies, and preeclampsia (Guideline on Perinatal Oral Health Care, 2011). Expectant mothers with poor oral health and high levels of Mutans Streptococci (MS) and Lactobacilli (LB), the bacteria which generate acids from fermentable carbohydrates responsible for causing dental caries, pose a greater risk for infecting their children thus increasing the risk for childhood caries at an early age (Young, Buchanan, Lubman, and Budenz, 2006). The opportunity to improve perinatal oral health care for high risk mothers increases our ability to prevent dental disease in the expectant mother, to provide for optimal pregnancy and birth outcomes, and to decrease the potential for early childhood caries. The National Guideline Clearinghouse (2010) developed a guideline to “provide recommendations for perinatal oral health care, including risk assessment, anticipatory guidance, preventive strategies, and appropriate therapeutic interventions to be
Selective reduction is the process of voluntarily terminating one or more fetuses in a multi-fetal pregnancy in order to increase the likelihood of a successful and viable birth. The procedure is used to manage multiple pregnancies that result from fertility treatments such as IVF and also some naturally occurring multi-fetal pregnancies. This procedure was developed in the 1980’s by Dr. Mark Evans (Evans & Britt, 2010). This is a controversial topic to many people who classify this action as abortion. Abortion is the termination of the entire pregnancy yet selective reduction is performed to improve the survival rate of the remaining fetuses and also the mother.
Women need to avoid fatiguing work. If pregnant women do not get enough rest the consequence can impede with their slumber, absorption or diet this can lead to premature babies or miscarriage (Berger, K. S. (2010). The second step for women that are six months pregnant or more need to stay away from teratogens. Teratogens are agents and conditions, including viruses, drugs, and chemicals, that might impair prenatal
Travelers whom travel to countries that have an increased risk of measles outbreak need to protect themselves by getting vaccinated before traveling, this could help to prevent bringing the illness back home with them. Children younger than five and older than twenty are the most likely to suffer the greatest complications from the virus (CDC, 2015). Complications from the measles virus include high fevers, rash, conjunctivitis, ear infections and in severe cases pneumonia and encephalitis (CDC, 2015). Pregnant women risk having a baby with low birth weight or giving birth
PID significantly raises the risk of ectopic pregnancy - the fertilized egg does not settle and grow in the uterus; in most cases it will grow in the fallopian tubes, but may also grow in the ovary, cervix, or abdominal cavity. Cervicitis - inflammation of the cervix (neck of the womb). Symptoms may include a vaginal discharge, which may contain pus, pain during intercourse, frequent urination, burning pain when urinating. In chronic cervicitis the cervix may swell and cysts may develop. The cysts may become infected.
The following contains portions of a press release from Childbirth Connection - Feb.16, 2011 Overall, women who received supportive care from a companion throughout labor were less likely than women without such support to have a cesarean section, use narcotics or use regional pain medication such as epidural analgesia, to give birth with vacuum extraction or forceps, and to rate their childbirth experience poorly. Continuous support shortened labor and increased the likelihood of having a “spontaneous” birth with neither cesarean nor vacuum extraction nor forceps. These findings have been proven through research. It has been found that when women find and work with doulas they have shorter labors, a reduced need for pain medications, and a lower chance of having a C-Section (Klaus, Kennell and
We have to address family planning, provide education on dangers of unsafe abortions and post-abortion counselling" (source: The Star, 10 October 2003). Through the provision of contraceptive services, unintended pregnancies and induced abortion can be significantly reduced. Unsafe abortions are also preventable through improvement in accessibility of sexual and reproductive health information and services (including family planning). However, in
Some countries now with moderately restrictive laws permit abortions to protect a women's health, to end pregnancies resulting from rape or incest, to avoid genetic or other defects, or in response to social problems such as unmarried status or low income. Rape is the act of sexual intercourse with a woman without her consent or with a minor. Having a child resulting from the mother being raped causes many mental problems for the mother as the birth of the child could be a remembrance of what happen. Birth defects are any abnormalities in the structure or function of the fetus. With modern medical technology doctors can know if the fetus has any major defects in which occasion the fetus can be aborted.
Breast implants might result in oddly shaped breasts. And post-surgical infection is a risk, as is severe psychiatric injury. Cosmetic surgery is and can be clearly potentially dangerous. If things go wrong someone can end up disfigured or even dead. Teens often have plastic surgery to improve physical characteristics, they feel are awkward or flawed, that if left uncorrected, may affect them well into adulthood.