Describe the mechanism(s) by which strokes occur. Cerebrovascular Accident- condition in which brain tissue is deprived of blood supply. The most common stroke symptoms are: • Numbness or weakness (paresis) of the face, arm, or leg, sometimes only on one side; • Confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech (aphasia) • Trouble seeing • Trouble walking or dizziness; loss of balance or coordination (ataxia) • Severe headache with no known cause 1. Ischemic stroke (~83%)- blood vessel supplying brain tissue is blocked by a blood clot a. cerebral thrombus b. cerebral embolism 2. Hemorrhagic stroke (~17%)- A blood vessel breaks open, causing blood to leak into the brain 3.
. Disruption of this blood supply usually leads to a wide range of deficits, knocking out neighbouring regions that often have different functions16. On the other hand, owing to the redundancy of the human brain, small lesions that only partially damage a module might not lead to any obvious behavioural
OUTCOME 1 KNOW HOW TO RECOGNISE SIGNS OF ABUSE DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF ABUSE PHYSICAL ABUSE: Hitting, punching, kicking, scratching, pushing, burning, scalding or anything physical that can cause harm to another individual, over medicating, manual handling, undue restraint. A one off incident or regular occurrences. SYMPTOMS: Unexplained bruising or marks, hair loss, aggressive or quiet, loss of weight, flinching around a certain person, delay in medical treatment, eager to please, poor diet, poor hygiene, dehydration, frequent minor accidents without help, ulcers and bed sores due to lack of care for incontinence, frequent hopping from one GP to another. SEXUAL ABUSE Rape, grooming, inappropriate touching and or comments, non consented sexual activities, being made to watch sexual acts. Kissing, fondling.
Lesher says, “Addiction is a brain disease expressed in the form of compulsive behavior.” As with most chronic diseases, addiction should also be treated with multiple recurring treatments since the brain chemistry of addicts often causes them to relapse into drug use. Lesher makes his case that addiction is a brain disease by stating that addicts cannot quit taking drugs on their own because they require medical treatment like most ill patients. The authors final opinion on addiction is that initial drug use is present due to the voluntary behavior of the addict and while it does not absolve the user of their responsibility as it was their fault, once they have developed an addiction, their brain has chemically changed so much that they can not will themselves to quit and must be treated as though they have a medical disease. NO: Alva Noe states that addiction is not a disease of the brain. First, he points that not all addictions are chemical substances and there are many activities that can be addictive to people.
Headache Outline: • Definition of headache • Factors or causes • Kinds • Usual treatments • Precautionary measures • Other headache treatments or therapies What is Headache? Headache means the aching condition in the head which remains for a specific time. Its medical term is Cephalalgia. According to its biological definition, it is such painful sensation which is the result of expansion of cerebral arteries, contraction in muscles, the deficiency of oxygen in the cerebral blood and reaction to drugs etc. Everyone has different level of stamina, and it is difficult for each gender to carry on any kind of activity during this condition.
The cause of the brain cells dying and the deterioration of the connectors is not fully known. Vascular dementia is a form of dementia caused by damage to the brain through deprivation of oxygenated blood. Causes are preventable and include high blood pressure, heart problems, diabetes and high cholesterol. Rarer forms of dementia are Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Biswanger’s disease. 1.2 Types of memory impairment Whilst long term memory loss is experienced, short term memory loss can cause more problems, although it is not the same in every case.
In a subarachnoid hemorrhage, a blood vessel also bursts, but instead of being on the interior, the vessel is located near the surface of the brain. This increases the intracranial pressure in the skull and can lead to headaches, a decrease in consciousness, and
Unit 4222-668 Stroke Awareness 1.1 A stroke is a serious condition which happens when he blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts. It can also be causes by a clot on the brain, but can also be caused by a clot that can travel to the brain through the blood vessels. When oxygen and nutrients from the blood being supplied to the brain are studied stopped then brain cells begin to die and thus stops the brain from working properly. 1.2 Sometimes a stroke can be miss diagnosed or delayed as it starts mild or of a non normal sign or symptom of a stroke. Some of these can be: * Diabetic Hypoglycaemia * Bells Palsy * Migraine Headache * Intracranial Tumour/Abscess * Epilepsy * Some infections such as septicaemia, encephalitis * MS * FND In my role I have seen a couple of occasions when a service user has been miss diagnosed.
Head Injury Overview Traumatic head injuries are a major cause of death, and disability but it might be best to refer to the damage done as traumatic brain injury. The purpose of the head, including the skull and face, is to protect the brain against injury. In addition to the bony protection, the brain is covered in tough fibrous layers called meninges and bathed in fluid that may provide a little shock absorption. When an injury occurs, loss of brain function can occur even without visible damage to the head. Force applied to the head may cause the brain to be directly injured or shaken, bouncing against the inner wall of the skull.
Introduction Not many experiences match the tragedy of a convulsive seizure. A person having a relentless and unremitting seizure may shed tears, yell out, fall to the floor comatose, convulse or jerk nonstop, salivate, or even lose control of their bladder. Within a few minutes, the seizure is over, and the person becomes conscious but is exhausted and confused. This is the picture most people have when they hear the word epilepsy. However, this type of seizure -- a grand mal seizure -- is only one kind of epilepsy.