This field, given by g=GMr2, (where g is the acceleration due to gravity or the gravitational field strength, G is he universal gravitational constant, M is the mass and r is the radius of the planet) acts on objects both on Earth and around it. g varies because the Earth is not a perfect sphere. * Explain that a change in gravitational potential energy is related to work done. * Gravitational potential energy is the energy of a mass due to its position within a gravitational field. When work is done on an object there is a corresponding change in kinetic and/or potential energy of the object.
For most purposes Newton's laws of gravity apply, with minor modifications to take the general theory of relativity into account. 2. Inertia - A property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force. 3. Potential Energy - Is the energy stored in an object due to its position in a force field or in a system due to its configuration.
5. Compute a linear least-squares-fit of the calibration data and plot the resulting line on the same graph as the calibration data. Comment on the linearity of the pressure transducer and scannivalve. Part 3: Calibration of the Tunnel 1. Connect the micromanometer (calibrated in Part 2) across the wind-tunnel contraction in order to measure the static pressure drop.
[pic] As he tried his approach with inclined planes of different angles, he discovered that the acceleration changed. He asserted that as the angle of the inclined plane approached 90°, the acceleration approached our current value of g. Thus, he related acceleration due to gravity with the sin of the angle of the plane. a = g sin θ More importantly, he found that all bodies, regardless of weight, fall with the same uniform acceleration. The Experiment: [pic] Determining g on an Incline Purpose To use a motion detector to obtain the speed and acceleration of a cart rolling down an incline. To determine the free-fall acceleration g from a graph of acceleration vs. sine of track angle.
These weights hang off the sides of the wheels and pull on the string at different angles, the objective is to find the point at which all the weights pull on each other so the center of the string is in the center of the force table. This was found in the lab by slowly adding weights till the right mixture was found. The forces are recorded and then shown through vectors. Adding the Vectors up shows that you have a system of equilibrium or not, depending if there is a gap between the first and last vector. The results came out to be complete vectors with the corresponding degrees of the angles with we experimented on.
The cart causes the supporting structure to flex, bend and vibrate and producing kinetic energy but not on the cart but on the track. The conservation of energy illustrates work and energy relationships. It states that the work done by external forces changes the amount of mechanical energy. Energy cannot be created or destroyed and it remains constant. The conservation of energy in the case of a roller coaster demonstrates that when a cart reaches its initial summit only force is gravity.
Procedure 3: The Compound Pendulum The aim of this experiment is to determine the value of the acceleration due to gravity by measuring the period of oscillation of the pendulum when suspended from different distances from its centre of mass. A pendulum consisting of any swinging rigid body which is free to rotate about a fixed horizontal axis is called a compound pendulum. This experiment had to be carried out at Glasgow University as the required equipment was not available at school. Procedure 1) The pendulum was balanced on a large brass knife edge to determine the position of the centre of mass of the pendulum. 2) The larger moveable knife edge was then clamped to the pendulum, at a small distance (1cm) above the centre of mass.
Also this lab teaches about measurement uncertainty can be calculated using the percent error equation. These are the purposes of the lab. My hypothesis of this experiment is that the velocity of an object, the ball rolling down a ramp or falling down, changes at a constant rate, thus uniform acceleration occurs. Acceleration is a vector quantity that is defined as the rate at which an object changes its velocity over time. An object accelerates if its velocity is constantly changing, also known as speeding up or slowing down.
Description and Theories A. Principles and Theories Used to Obtain our Result An conventional spring, when subjected the weight (w=mg) of an object at one of its terminations, will displace a certain distance, x, with an equal and opposite force, F, being created in the spring of which opposes the pull of the weight. This conventional spring will become significantly distorted if it is subjected to a large enough weight and the force, F, will only be able to return the spring to its original configuration once the burden is removed. The force that will restore the spring to its original configuration is directly proportional to the displacement that occurred. The following equation represents this relationship where k denotes the spring constant or stiffness of the spring, F=-kx Since x symbolizes the displacement or change in the length of the spring the above equation can now be surmised in the following manner, F=mg=-k∆l This new form makes it evident that a linear proportion exists between the plot of F as function of changing in length, ∆, thus confirming the spring does in fact obey Hooke’s Law.
Coefficient of Friction By Omar Ramadan Partners: Samuel Saarinen Brian Urbancic Feb 23, 2012 Abstract: The coefficient of friction is a number that determines how much force is required to move an object that is held back by friction. The goal of our experiment was to measure the static and kinetic sliding coefficient of friction between two surfaces by using a ramp and measuring its inclination. The premise is that when a solid object is placed on a ramp and the ramp is tilted upward, there is a point that the object starts to slide. That is the angle where the force of gravity is strong enough to overcome the kinetic and static friction. Once the angle, or the inclination, is known, we can then calculate the sliding coefficient of friction between the two surfaces.