Centralization Versus Decentralization

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1.0 INTRODUCTION A multinational corporation (MNC) is a business with extensive international operations that spans multiple nations. Generally, MNC must create the ideal structure of organization to match its strategy in discriminating ways otherwise may experience performance problems (Jeff Madura. 2000a). Nystrom and Starbuck (1981) defined structure as the interrelationship of component parts in an organization, which influences the organization's efficiency and effectiveness. Organizational structure refers to the institutional arrangements and mechanisms for mobilizing human, financial, physical and information resources at all levels of the system (Sachdeva, 1990a). It can be arranged by product, function, geographical or product markets. Organizational structure may differ within the same organization depending to the particular requirements. Generally, a MNC will create an organizational structure which is the formal system of task and reporting relationships that motivates and coordinates employees to achieve the organization's goals (Schermerhorn, J.R. 2002a). The best organizational structure for any organization depends on various factors including ability to operate appropriate internal controls, its size in terms of employees, the geographic dispersion of its facilities, the range of its businesses or degree to which it’s diversified across markets (Distelzweig, H. 2006). In this essay, the management structures of organization including centralization, decentralization and hybrids will be focused, thus evaluating the related merits of them by attaching the examples of real situations. 2.0 CENTRALISATION Centralisation refers the responsibility and control of treasury functions, particularly those regarding decision-making is held by a small group of people typically those at the top of the organisational hierarchy. Subsidiaries of the
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