The last point is that all cells come from pre-existing cells. Cell theory is simple to remember, but very important to know. Differences between Plant and Animal cells There are many things that are different between plant and animal cells. One thing is that animal cells are round and an irregular shape, while plant cells are rectangular and regular in shape. Also, plant cells can be bigger than animal cells (plant cells: 10-100 micrometers, animal cells: 10-30 micrometers).
Although they are eukaryotes like plants and animals, the major difference is that fungal cells have cell walls that contain chitin, unlike the cell walls of plants, which contain cellulose. Fungi lack the chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis and must therefore live as parasites or saprophytes Parasites: plant or animal that at some stage of its existence obtains its nourishment from another living organism called the host. Parasites may or may not harm the host, but they never benefit it. They include members of many plant and animal groups, and nearly all living things are at some time hosts to parasitic forms. Many bacteria are parasitic on external and internal body surfaces; some of these invade the inner tissues and cause disease.
1.1 identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria are living things which are neither plants or animals, but belong to a group by themselves. They are small, not more than one cell, but there are normally millions of them together. Virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. All viruses have genes made either from DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information. Fungi are Eukaryotes when compared to bacteria and fungi.
| | Cells | Cells are the smallest functional unit organism. Cells have many different functions inside of living things. | | Eukaryotic | An Eukaryotic cell is a cell that has a nucleus and all of the organelles in the inside are protected by a cell membrane. | | Prokaryotic | Prokaryotic cells don't have a nucleus. | | Cell Membrane | The Cell Membrane holds everything inside the cell together and protects it from things that could harm it.
( Jones et al, 2014 ) A cell can be divided into two types of cell, animal cell and plant cell. A plant cell is usually bigger than animal cell. Both cells have similarities such as having nucleus, plasma membrane and cytoplasm. These are all the common features present in both the animal and plant cell. However, a unique structure that plant cells have is cell wall, large central vacuole and chloroplasts which are absent in animal cells.
The cells also have a nucleus called the control center. Cytoplasm is found in between the cell membrane and the nucleus of each cell also. Although they share many similarities, they are very different in dramatic ways. The plant cell has an extremely larger vacuole than the animal cell. Animal cell vacuole is very tiny if they even have any, most do not.
Internal Assessment To test how temperature affects the rate of enzyme activity in the liver? Name: Chandre Putter Grade: 11 Words: 2380 Design Section Research Question/Aim How does temperature affect the rate of enzyme activity in the liver? Introduction Enzymes are ‘globular proteins that work as catalysts’ (1), meaning they speed up chemical reactions (metabolic reactions) without having to be altered. Enzymes are made by living cells and also speed up biochemical reactions. Living creatures produce thousands of enzymes, and the reason for this is because; ‘most enzymes only catalyze one biochemical reaction’ (1), and many different enzymes are need to do this.
Introduction All cells have plasma membranes which are selectively permeable meaning only some materials are able to move across it either to enter or exit the cell. The ability of a molecule to cross the plasma membrane depends on its size, hydrophobicity and charge as well as the relative concentration inside and outside of that cell (Biology Department, 2010). When molecules move from high concentration to low concentration it is called diffusion. More specifically when water diffuses across a cell membrane it is called osmosis. If the concentration of water in a cell is lower than the concentration of water in the solute the solution is said to be hypotonic and the cells swell because they will take up water.
Both animal and plant cells have a nucleus, they both go through cell division and both cells have the main organelles to complete protein synthesis. Plant cells can convert light and water into energy (photosynthesis), therefore animal cell cannot, a plant cell has a vacuole. This is a sac in which the cell stores water and nutrients which are later converted into energy. An animal cell has no vacuole as it does not make its own food and therefore does not need to store these nutrients in that way. A plant cell has chloroplasts.
That’s why it’s so important to wash your hands or use hand sanitizer, it grows in numerous places. Also bacteria cells do not contain a cell nucleus and rarely harbor membrane-bound organelles, unlike eukaryotes which they all contain a nucleus. Bacteria has a wide range variety of metabolic types and that is how they are defined using their taxonomy, the three different types are phototrophs (sun light), litotrophs (inorganic compounds), and organotrophs (organic compounds). In the lab we tested our very own bacteria off of our tongue and smeared it on a blood agar plate, sheep blood to be exact. We collect the bacteria from the inside of the mouth and grow them in specially prepared petri dishes.