The Sui Empire was not able to maintain their authority in China because they could not support the massive undertakings in military expansion and public works that was required. This overextension led to the transition to the Tang Empire. The changes in this period of Chinese history was the reunification of China, and the massive public works projects that they undertook including the Grand Canal, irrigation projects and improvements to the Great Wall. The continuity that took place during this era was a return to the Confucian state philosophy and the strong political influence of the Buddhist philosophy. In 618 the powerful Li family ended Sui rule and created the Tang Empire.
Chinese, 100 C.E. - 600 C.E. In every civilization there are unique cultural and political structures, even though not all are continued. These structures help to better clarify our understanding of the civilization, and why societies are the way they are today. When compared to other civilizations in the classical era, China’s culture and politic structures seem to have more continuity than change.
He considered agriculture and commerce crucial and developed them concurrently. The tax system, monetary coinage and meteorology were all standardized. In culture, the emperor unified the Chinese characters in writing, which promoted the development of the Chinese culture. However, he also suppressed scholars who were not to his liking. Consequently, many opposing scholars were killed in Xianyang.
Difficulty lies in pinning major influences of China’s history to one single era or dynasty; broader strokes seem necessary, with investigation into the early Imperial Period a clearer picture can be painted of how this impressive nation stood the test of time. Early Imperialistic religion and philosophy has maintained an influential role not only spiritually, but also helping to structure governing principles of the dynasties within this period; Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism have aided the people of China to navigate in and out of civil turbulence. Early political progress carried longstanding ideas such as deifying emperors and rigorous examinations for positions within the state; the evolution of a strong, tiered government and the development of Confucian practices as an influential basis of rule within society portrays the cycles of unity within the Chinese. Confucianism, regarded in its ability to structure the Chinese system of government, is centered in humanism, or the belief that human beings are teachable, capable of improvement through a strict upkeep of ethics and the enhancement of virtue. This prominent system of philosophy and ethics was developed by Kong Qiu during the Springs and Autumns periods, enduring thirteen years of traveling through the separate states carrying a message of reform to monarchs, hoping to alter the state of political and social unrest of the time.
The Senate of Rome had most control over the citizens. Han China did not allow lower class citizens to have a say on how the empire was ruled; while, Imperial Rome had a senate to represent their plebeian’s or ordinary people. Another difference between the Han China and Imperial Rome was that the emperor of Han China had been chosen through the family and the citizens of Imperial Rome chose their ruler. Han China and Imperial Rome emphasized territorial expansion in both of their societies. They perceived threats to security; this led to war and then increased the length of border.
They stayed independent, but in order to do that they had to pay tribute or extra tax money. Rebellions, drought, and economic challenges lead to the Tang downfall. But in 960 a general named Zhao Kuangjin reunited China under The Song Dynasty, which was conquered by the Mongols in 1279. Confucianism beliefs controlled society. Tang rulers believed in a civil service system.
The Han dynasty was an imperial dynasty in which was ruled by an emperor or a king. The dynasty was split into different regions in which each region had a ruler that followed the emperor’s orders. The Han were the first to develop a form of bureaucracy which is a nonelected group of government officials. Therefore, each and every government official was either appointed to there place in office or were born into there position. The Han dynasty also followed the tradition of the Sui dynasty and used civil service exams to appoint government officials which favored the poor and allowed them to move up in the world.
This means that they were always bettering themselves. China was separated during the warring states era but was later brought together (around 221 BC. )by Qin Shi Huangdi, the first emperor of the in. This emperor was known for his cruelty and intolerance, which went against tradition but was also effective. Qin Shi created the great wall of china in order to protect the Chinese civilization from barbarians.
Legitimacy of central power was established by the emperor using Han Feizi’s method of rule “shi” which incorporated Daoist spontaneous actions and wu-wei emptiness while knowing the true nature of reality. Han Feizi advocated in his 7 Statecrafts that a strong ruler speak in opposites and act in contradictories to manipulate orders and rule on a whim. Aggressive war was supported for bringing merit through danger, uniting people under the emperor and expansion to bring economic prosperity to advance power of the state. After unifying China and defeating all six other Warring States, the Qin state was divided into 36 commandaries and counties, abolishing Zhou feudalism and priveleges of the nobility system. The emperor ruled using officials and ministers through civil governors, military governor and oversears.
7. How did advances in military technology contribute to the rise of independent states? A: Advances in military technology was another way of saying a better way to kill people. The rise of independent states fought for power over all of China until only one was left. Look at this if you fight someone with a stick and you have a sword you will lose most of the time.