By Dominick Fobbs “The Persian Wars were as important to the supremacy of Athens, as the Peloponnesian Wars were to supremacy of Sparta”. It started with the Greeks growing population, and some migrated along the Mediterranean Sea for new land. They settled along the eastern side of the Aegean Sea, right next to Persia. Thus, Persia taxed them, which resulted in a war breaking out. Persia conquered everyone they met at first.
The Persians and the Medes appeared in the region east of Mesopotamia around 1300 BCE. Cyrus II united the Persian tribes and overthrew the Median monarch around 550 BCE. He placed the Persians and the Medes in positions of responsibility and retained the frameworks of the Median monarchy. From then, Cyrus, founder of the Persian Empire, ruled as the revered king and conqueror. The Roman Empire had a very different foundation from the Persian’s monarch grounds.
Following the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, Greece underwent great development in an attempt to become a stronger power and eliminate Persian threat. Themistocles was a key factor in contributing to these developments, as he was leader of the Athenians after the Battle of Marathon. According to Herodotus, ‘Themistocles believed that Athens future lay on the sea as a trading power.’ Therefore, the contributions of Themistocles were largely relevant to the growth of Athens as a sea power, which proved to be the key reason for a Greek victory in the Persian Wars to come. Prior to the Battle of Marathon (in 493 BC and later), Themistocles ‘suggested fortifying the Piraeus peninsula, which had 3 harbours.’ The Athenians could establish a citadel overlooking the 3 harbours, which previously, were open and indefensible. This motion however was interrupted by the battle and was completed after Persian defeat at Plataea in 479 BC.
The Russo-Japanese war was declared on the 8th of February 1904 in the method of a formal letter from Japan, and continued until the 5th of September 1905, with Russia’s defeat. The war grew out of the conflicting interests between the rival imperialist ambitions of Imperial Russia and Japan, in both Manchuria, China and Korea. Prior to the Russo-Japanese war, an internal battle between China itself and foreign domination was being fought. The economic exploitation of the Chinese by overseas governments occurred rapidly, each nation aiming to increase their ‘sphere of influence’. Throughout the 1800’s, China faced internal strain and international turmoil.
The Greek empire began with consolidation of Macedonia and the Greek city-states to fight the Persians in war by Phillip II. Alexander the great then took power and led the armies through Persia and assumed the throne. He then did not return to Greece he marched his armies east to the Indian Ocean and conquered most of the known world. Alexander did realize that he alone could not control all of his newly acquired territories alone. He received the alliance of the foreign countries by allowing them to continue their customs and traditions.
This was a result from their successes in the Persian wars, in particular the battle of Salamis. Increasing naval power, as a result of the Athenian fleet established by Themistocles in 483BC, meant that Athens became ‘the epicenter of military and culture in Greece’- Kaysoukic. The population grew to 400 000 and it became the centre of trade after the wars. This increasing status in Greece contributed to their expansion of the delian league to the Athenian empire. The campaigns in Persia by Athenian leader Kimon not only consolidated Greek power but allowed for Athens to have increased trade routes.
Tensions between the Peloponnesian League and the Delian League eventually led to the Peloponnesian war. Thucydides believed that Sparta was afraid of the growing power of Athens, which had essentially resulted in the creation of an Athenian empire. Sparta felt that Athens was meddling in their business, and Athens would not agree to avoid interference. After twenty-seven years of war, and the participation in one way or another of many of the city-states belonging to the two leagues, both Sparta and Athens were in ruins. Sparta claimed the victory, and the city-states continued their bickering and fighting.
Miltiades - democratic general given power by Aristides iv. Themistocles - Democratic navy general after Miltiades and Aristides were ostracized b. Battles v. Marathon - 15,000 Persians (lost 6,400) defeated by 10,000 Athenians (lost 200) vi. Thermopylae - Persians overwhelmed the Greeks (they fled to Salamis) vii. Salamis - Athens destroyed half of the Persian ships (forcing them to flee back to Persia viii.
Denise Sanders Management 4424 November 4, 2013 Section 476 “MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND FAILURES” Alexander accomplished a great deal during his lifetime. One of those accomplishments was becoming the ruler of Macedonia after the death of his father in 336 B.C. In 334 BC, Alexander defeated the Persian king Darius 3rd army near the Grancius River. In 333 BC, Alexander once again defeated the Persian Army even though his army was outnumber he used military strategies to create formations that ultimately gave him the advantage that ultimately win the war. Alexander declared himself King of Persia after capturing Darius the 3rd and making him a fugitive.
By 546 BCE, Cyrus had defeated Croesus, the Lydian king of fabled wealth, and had secured control of the Aegean coast of Asia Minor, Armenia, and the Greek colonies along the Levant” the leader after that was Cambyses who was Cyrus son. Cambyses II, conquered Egypt but later he died in July, 522 BCE”.Cambyses either died by a priest trying to kill him or people revolting against him there is no clear answer at that time period Egypt was a very big part of the civilized world. The Persians conquering them tell us that the Persians were more superior then the Egyptians. This evidence helps us figure out are thesis statement and that the Persians were more