The principle of utility states that the quality of life matters when it comes to pleasure, and if we were to make the quality of a person’s life better, we must be useful and relieve that person from pain and suffering. (Falikowski, 2005) We can also refer to Ayn Rand’s Ethical Egoism to conjure that physician’s assisting suicide is ethical, since there are few people in society who suffer from long-term illnesses for which there aren’t any permanent cures. Ending their life is the only cure to stopping their
I reflected this back and explained to the speaker I felt they were perhaps anxious and agitated about the topic being discussed. The speaker was not aware that they were expressing any from of body language and agreed with the feelings suggested. This reflection then enabled us to carry on and explore these feelings further. “Stereotyping and prejudice are natural human behaviours” (COSCA HANDOUT). In order to protect the speaker and the counsellor throughout the helping process, ensuring justice, fairness and non-discriminatory practice to both parties, a code of ethical framework is followed.
The humanistic approach represents the ‘healthy half of psychology’ and suggests that we are all with good intentions. Maslow regarded Freud as representing the ‘sick half’ this is because Freud said that we are born bad and constantly seeking
In Obedience to Authority, Milgram introduces an intriguing idea about obedience and its limitation through an experiment. His skepticism of the devastating incidents like the Holocaust, triggered the experiment to measure the willingness of people to obey the authority. Throughout the experiment, Milgram could conclude that although people do not favor obeying the authority, they still obey. The historical figures, such as Martin Luther King and Plato, have distinct idea about authority and obedience. So this result influences the different set of social relations introduced by both King and Plato: Milgram’s result support Plato’s ideas of ideal society while it King’s idea opposes Milgram’s Result.
Rogers also believed that people are inherently good and creative. However, he thought that people could become destructive when a poor self concept (how one sees oneself in comparison to others) or external constraints override the valuing process. Rogers thought that for a client to experience therapeutic change, certain conditions had to be present within the relationship. These conditions he called “The Core Conditions”, which were empathy, congruence (genuineness) and unconditional positive regard (respect). When Rogers talked about empathy, he meant the therapist should continually try to understand the client from their point of view (enter into their world to get a sense of how it feels)
Critiques of Rogers's person-centered therapy begin with his basic conception of human nature as tending toward the good and the healthy, not to mention his assumption of the very existence of a personal self toward which one might strive. Furthermore, critics of Rogers's theories maintain serious doubts that therapists can, or should, establish a relationship of unconditional positive regard in the case of dangerously violent persons. They also fail to understand how parents might put into practice his ideas when raising children whose behavior may sometimes be difficult to countenance with wholehearted approval. At best, Rogers's detractors claim, his ideas may be applied only among a limited range of clients, specifically those suffering from the milder forms of neurosis, acknowledging that while person-centered therapy may prove no more effective than any other method, it has yet to demonstrate that it is harmful in any way. Despite such criticisms, Rogers's theory of personality and his therapeutic methodology continue to gain adherents and have become among the most widely influential trends in the history of psychology.
However the line between sanity and insanity is explored through the juxtaposition of the patients and society. In the 1970s, those who behaved abnormally were declared to be ‘insane’ and placed in mental institutions that were shunned by society. As we now know with scientific developments, these environments often failed to assist their patients. The use of electric shock therapy for example, frequently lead to severe, long term negative effects upon patients. While the patients were viewed as ‘madmen’ from outsiders, Lewis soon discovers that they are in many ways,
There are several clinical reasons for itching, but doctors and scientists have been researching where the sensation of itching comes from. This itchiness is very common problem for many people, but people do not pay much attention about it because they are not knowledgeable about the hazards of chronic
No matter the study conducted the outcome will always vary because everyone is different. Personality is a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior (Feist and Feist, 2009). However, personality theorists have not agreed on a single definition of personality (Feist and Feist, 2009). Personality will be described different by most people because the definition is not clear. It is thought by most that personality is
Although the analytic theory is the only one with vindication on the matter, there is very little support found in objective scientific investigations on many components of this theory (Jensen, 1996). Over-generalizations can be extremely misleading and are not fair towards the people who are being victimized. Psychoanalytic studies on homosexuality, which pre-date the 1950’s, used patients who needed treatment for a wide range of symptoms or who were brought to treatment prisons or mental hospitals (Jensen, 1996). This research is extremely biased and does not represent the general population of homosexuals. For this reason, the results gathered from these experiments are not valid and do not support the claim