D. How would the resistance of Cari’s airways be affected by excess mucus and fluid in her lung? a. The lung capacity is decreased because the air space is already filled with mucus and fluids therefore she can’t take in enough oxygen. The extra mucus and fluids put extra pressure on the lungs. E. How would Cari’s lung compliance (the effort required to expand the lungs) be altered as her alveoli fill with fluid due to pneumonia?
Lillian Fleeton October 21, 2014 Cari’s story A. How can an infection in Cari nasal passages and pharyns spread into her sinuses? The infection in Cari’s nasal passages and pharynx was able to spread into her sinuses due to the sinuses being a drainage area for the nasal passages. B. What is the cough reflex?
C. Which structures found in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli normally would protect Cari’s lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate matter? Alveolar macrophages also known as dust cells remove dust and debris from the alveolar spaces. D. How would the resistance of Cari’s airways be affected by excess mucus and fluid in her lung? The lung capacity is decreased because the air space is already filled with mucus and fluids therefore she can’t take in enough oxygen. The extra mucus and fluids put extra pressure on the lungs.
B -Environmental Lung Diseases: *Result from inhaled dust or chemicals *Pneumoconiosis is a general term used for a group of lung diseases caused by inhalation and retention of mineral, metal or dust particles *Repeated exposure to the irritant can cause pul. Fibrosis -Chemical pneumonitis *Results from exposure to toxic chemicals *Clinically pt has pul edema -Hypersensitivity pneumonitis *An individual inhales irritants to which they are allergic too *Clinical manifestations occur w/in 4-6 hrs of exposure and incl. fever, chills, cough, SOB and malaise Clinical Manifestations: -Typically do not appear for 10-15 yrs after exposure but incl. dyspnea, coughing, wheezing and weight loss -Cor pulmonale is a late manifestation. *Cor pulmonale is an enlargement of the right ventricle Check what ya know (Answers at end) 6.)
Invades nasopharynx where it replicates & spreads down to lower airway via aspiration of upper airway secretions. Causes necrosis of respiratory epithelium of small airways, peribronchiolar mononuclear infiltration & plugging of the lumens with mucus and exudate. The small airways become variably obstructed; this allows adequate inspiratory volume but prevents full expiration. This leads to hyperinflation & atelectasis. Serious alterations in gas exchange occur with arterial hypoxemia & CO2 retention resulting from mismatching of pulmonary ventilation (gas exchange w/in lungs) and perfusion.
Bronchodialators- medications that expand the bronchi 8. Productive cough- coughing episodes producing large amounts of mucus 9. Allergy- is an acquired abnormal immune response. 10. Pulmonary Ventilation- Breathing, involuntary action that moves air into the lungs.
c. dehydration occurs. d. diptheria toxin enters the bloodstream. e. coughing causes hemorrhaging. 8. What is a treatment of choice for whooping cough?
Because of M.M.’s increased Kussmaul respirations he is unable to fully express carbon dioxide from his lungs causing the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood to increase and the pH to decrease causing acidosis. The physician will likely order a ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) lung scan and a continuous heparin
coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease is when our hearts blood supply is blocked by a build-up of fatty substances in the arteries. Over a period of time our arteries can become blocked by fats. Our arteries will then become narrow causing the amount of blood flow to our heart to be restricted. This can result in angina (chest pains). However if he arteries become completely blocked it can cause a heart attack.
Asthma is a disease that affects the breathing of a patient. This occurs when the respiratory airways become obstructed. Asthma causes inflammation of the airways and causes mucus buildups from the constriction of muscles and the collection of thick mucus and swelling. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Asthma interferes with breathing due to a cause of obstruction in the supply of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide.